Hip Flashcards
What kind of joint is the hip joint?
Ball and socket
What is number 5 on the diagram?
Femoral head
What is number 14 on the diagram?
Femoral neck
What is labelled as number 13 on the diagram?
Greater trochanter
What is labelled as number 7 on the diagram?
Lesser trochanter
What does the femoral head articulate with to form the hip joint?
The acetabulum
What is the blood supply to the femoral head?
Retrograde blood supply:
- Intramedullary
- Circumflex arteries (–> retinacular arteries, from femoral artery)
- Artery to head of femur within ligamentum teres (small supply)
What muscles abduct the hip?
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fascia lata
Define an intracapsular NOF fracture?
A fracture that occurs proximal to capsular insertion (intertrochanteric line). Risks blood supply, especially if displaced
What classification system exists for intracapsular NOF fractures?
Garden’s classification
What type of fractures are Garden’s types I and II?
Undisplaced
What type of fractures are Garden’s types III and IV?
Displaced intracapsular
Management of Garden’s types I and II?
Cannulated screws to stabilise head
“1, 2 screw”
Management of Garden’s types III and IV?
Arthroplasty- at least hemi, may require THR depending on patient age, activity and AVN risk.
<55- ORIF with screws, FU for AVN
55-75- THR
>75: Hemiarthroplasty
“3, 4 Austin Moore”- Austin Moore is an old type of uncemented prosthesis that used to be used
Name 3 types of extra-capsular fractures
Basi-cervical, intertrochanteric, subtrochanteric
Reduced risk AVN
