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Movement Science EXAM 3 > Hip > Flashcards

Hip Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the hip joint?

A

coxofemoral joint

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2
Q

what type of joint is the coxofemoral joint?

A

synovial
diarthrodial
ball and socket

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3
Q

how many degrees of freedom are in the hip joint?

A

3: FLEX/EX
ABD/ADD
MR/LR

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4
Q

what are the functions of the hip joint?

A

support head, arms and trunk in static and dynamic postures
weightbearing
mobility

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5
Q

what are the 3 fused pelvic bones contributing to the acetabulum?

A

ilium
ischium
pelvis

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6
Q

The acetabulum is positioned ___degrees_____ and ____ degrees _______

A

50 degrees inferior and 20 degrees anterior (anteversion)

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6
Q

what is acetabular dysplasia?

A

shallow acetabulum
decreased coverage causing instability
(often tested and found in infancy, but can be asymptomatic into adulthood)

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7
Q

what is coxa profunda?

A

over coverage (deep bowl) of the acetabulum leading to impingement

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7
Q

what is anteversion?

A

anteversion is when the acetabulum is positioned more at anteriorly, leading to instability

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7
Q

what is retroversion?

A

The acetabulum is positioned more posteriorly, leading to over coverage

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8
Q

a center edge angle less than 22-50 degrees is indicative of

A

acetabular dysplasia

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9
Q

a center edge angle greater than 22-50 degrees is indicative of

A

pincer type impingement

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10
Q

what is the center edge angel?

A

coverage of femoral head connecting lateral rim and center of femoral head

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11
Q

acetabular inclination is

A

measurement of acetabular depth measured from line parallel to teardrops on xray, to lateral acetabulum

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12
Q

typical acetabular inclination is ___degrees

A

32-45 (greater is indicative of acetabular dysplasia)

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13
Q

The acetabular labrum is a

A

ring of wedge shaped fibrocartilage

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14
Q

the acetabular labrum functions to

A

deepen socket, increase concavity
maintain negative pressure for stability
nerve endings provide proprioceptive/pain sensitivity feedback

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15
Q

does the acetabular labrum have nerve endings?

A

yes! provide proprioceptive/pain sensitivity feedback

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16
Q

acetabular labrum blends with which ligament?

A

transverse acetabular ligament

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17
Q

The femoral head is rounded with what type of cartilage?

A

hyaline cartilage

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18
Q

What ligament attaches to the fovea of the femoral head?

A

ligamentum teres (ligament of head of femur) and fovea is NOT covered with hyaline cartilage

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19
Q

the femoral head faces what direction?

A

medially
superiorly
anteriorly with respect to femoral shaft and condyles

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20
Q

coxa valga is what?

A

increased femoral neck angle
-decreased shear on neck, DECREASED moment arm for abductors
-associated structurally with genu varum

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21
Q

coxa vara has a ___ angle leading to a ____ moment arm for abductors

A

decreased angle, increased moment arm for abductors
-increased shearing forces

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22
what structural abnormality is associated with genu valgum?
coxa vara
23
what femoral neck abnormality is associated with increased risk for SCFE?
coxa vara
24
what structural abnormality is associated with genu varum?
coxa valga
25
kids with CP tend to have ____ and will often present with genu_____ when walking/standing
coxa valga and genu valgum *spasticity
26
If femoral angle of torsion is greater than 10-20 degrees, this is called femoral _____
anteversion
27
if femoral angle of torsion is less than 10-20 degrees, this is called
femoral retroversion
28
femoral anteversion (greater than 15-20 degrees) is associated with
increased medial rotation less lateral rotation decreased stability
29
femoral retroversion (less than 10-15 degrees) is associated with
increased lateral rotation, decreased medial rotation
30
there is more articular surface on the ______ than _______
there is more articular surface on the head of femur than acetabulum
31
In standing, the femoral head is exposed in what direction?
anteriorly/superiorly
32
most joint congruence in the hip joint occurs during what directions?
flexion abduction slight lateral rotation (frog-leg) (more so in weightbearing than non weightbearing)
33
The acetabular fossa adds ____ that adds stability from atmospheric pressure
a partial vacuum
34
What can help increase articular congruence in the hip for infants?
pavlik harness (abducted, flexed, laterally rotated)
35
What two tests can be done to test for acetabular dysplasia in infancy?
barlow test ortolani test
36
The joint capsule has thickest ligaments in what area?
anterior-superiorly
37
The joint capsule has thinnest ligaments in what area?
posterior-inferiorly
38
JOINT CAPSULE SLIDE
39
BURSAE SLIDE
40
The ligament teres is ___articular but ___synovial
The ligamentum teres is intra articular and EXTRAsynovial
41
When does the ligamentum teres provide restraint for hip medial/lateral rotation?
when hip is more than 90 degrees flexed
42
LIGAMENTUM TERES SLIDE
43
Y ligament of Bigelow is also known as
iliofemoral ligament
44
The iliofemoral ligament attaches from ___ to ____
AIIS to intertrochanteric line
45
The iliofemoral ligament is the primary stabilizing component of the ___ hip
anterior hip (resting on Y ligaments)
46
what ligament resists excessive lateral rotation when hip is in neutral or flexion?
Y ligament (iliofemoral ligament)
47
what ligament resists lateral rotation when hip is in Extension?
pubofemoral ligament
48
the pubofemoral ligament attaches from the ____ to ___
pubic portion of acetabular rim to iliopectineal eminence
49
The pubofemoral ligament forms a sling that supports the ___ femoral neck and connects fibers between ____ and ______
The pubofemoral ligament forms a sling that supports the INFERIOR femoral neck and connects fibers between ILIOFEMORAL and ISCHIOFEMORAL
50
ISCHIOFEMORAL LIGAMENT
51
The trabeculae line up along
stress lines of the femur
52
Most weightbearing stresses in the pelvis pass from ___ to _____
SI
53
SLIDE 25
54
The convex femoral head moves on the concave acetabulum. Slide/glide and spin/roll will be _____(same/opposite)
opposite
55
In flexion, the femoral head spins
posteriorly
56
In extension, the femoral head spins
anteriorly
57
In hip abduction, the femoral head will roll ____, glide _____
roll superior glide inferior
58
In hip adduction, the femoral head will roll ____ and glide _____
roll inferior, glide superior
59
In medial rotation, the femoral head will roll ____, glide ____
roll anterior, glide posterior
60
In lateral rotation, the femoral head will roll ____, glide _____
roll posterior, glide anterior
61
normal gait requires at least ____flexion ____extension ____ ABD/ADD ____MED/LAT rotation
30 degrees of flexion 10 degrees of extension 5 degrees of ABD/ADD 5 degrees of MED/LAT ROT
62
If the opposite side of pelvis drops (weak glute med), then the stance hip will be in _____(abd or add)
adduction
63
If patient is doing an opposite pelvis hike, the stance hip is in ____(abd or add)
abduction
64
anterior pelvic tilt causes hip ____
flexion
65
posterior pelvic tilt causes hip _____
extension
66
lateral pelvic shift in bilateral stance causes ____ on the shift side and _____ on the opposite side
adduction on the shift side abduction on the opposite side
67
PELVIFEMORAL MOTION
68
when does glute max have longest moment arm?
peak efficiency for extension when hip is FLEXED 70 DEGREES
69
when knee is flexed over 90 degrees, hamstrings are placed in ____ insufficiency
active (lose ability to extend the hip
70
Glute medius anterior fibers do
flexion/medial rotation
71
glute medius posterior fibers do
extension/lateral rotation
72
in hip flexion, what portions of the glute med cause MEDIAL ROTATION?
ALL PORTIONS
73
what muscles help with joint compression of the femoral head in the acetabulum?
hip lateral rotators (OI, OE, gemelli, QF, pirformis)
74
what are the primary medial rotators?
none! contributors are anterior glute med anterior glute min TFL adductors
75

Movement Science EXAM 3 (5 decks)

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