HIP Flashcards
Centre of the hip joint lies
1/2 way between ASIS and Symphysis Pubis then drop down 1/2 inch
Head of Femur is
Convex
Acetabulum is
Concave and deepened by the acetabular labrum
Ball and socket, ___ , ____
Synovial Joint, Triaxial
Capsule is strong and dense, thickest part at _______, thin ____
Thickest: upper front part of the joint
Thin: behind
Angle between femoral neck and shaft is
125 degrees
Muscles holding head of Femur in the Acetabulum are
Piriformis, Obturator Externus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus, Quadratus Femoris
What jams head of femur into acetabulum
Spasm of Piriformis
What are the 3 Ligaments of the Hip Joint
Iliofemoral-anterior
Pubofemoral-blends in with iliofemoral
Ischiofemoral-posterior
Foveal -fovea; tense in semiflexion and adduction of hip
Movements of the Hip Joint are:
Flexion/Extension
Medial/Lateral Rotation
Abduction/Adduction
Muscles of the Hip Joint
Answer
Flexion of the Hip:
Posterior glide of head of femur (also spins)
Extension of the Hip:
Anterior glide of head of femur (also spins)
Adduction:
Lateral movement of head of femur (also swings)
Abduction:
Medial movement of head of femur (also swings)
External Rotation:
Posterior glide of head of femur (also spins)
Internal Rotation:
Anterior glide of head of femur (also spins)
Palpate Greater Trochanter
Answer
Palpate Piriformis
Answer
Palpate ASIS
Answer
Palpate Ischial Tuberosity
Answer
Palpate Femoral Artery
Answer
Parts of the Innominate Bone
Ilium, Pubis, Ischium
Pelvis is formed by
sacrum and 2 innominate bones which articulate with each other to form the pelvic girdle
Ilium includes
Upper acetabulum and area above it
Ischium includes
Lower acetabulum and bone anterior to it
Ilium includes
ASIS (Lateral end of Inguinal Ligament, TFL, and Sartorius)
AIIS (Rectus Femoris, Iliacus, and Iliofemoral Ligaments)
PSIS (Posterior Sacroiliac Ligament, Gluteus Maximus)
Ischial tuberosity is the large rough area on the lower surface of the Ischium
Hamstrings,
Sacrotuberous Ligament,
Gemellus Inferior,
Adductor Magnus,
Quadratus Femoris
Ischial Spine
Sacrospinous ligament,
Gemellus Superior
Acetabulum
Faces Antero-inferiorly,
Formed by all 3 bones
Acetabular fossa is the central floor of the acetabulum
Sacrum
Formed by the 5 Sacral Vertrebrae
Diameter of females
is greater than the diameter of male pelvis
Primary function of pelvis in both sexes is ______. Pelvis of female is adapted for _________.
Locomotion and Childbearing
Greater Sciatic Notch
Converted to a foramen by sacrospinous ligament, this foramen transmit piriformis and sciatic nerve
SI Joints (Movement occurs here)
Sacral surface has hyaline
Iliac Surface has fibrocartilage; Sacral cartilage is thicker than ilial cartilage
Symphysis Pubis
Interpubic disc of white fibrocartilage connects the adjacent surfaces; pubic width 4mm can go to 9 mm for females
Ligaments of the Pelvic Girdle: SI Joints
Anterior Sacroiliac Ligament
Posterior Sacroiliac Ligament
Interosseous Ligament
Other Ligaments of the Pelvic Girdle
Iliolumbar Ligament
Sacrospinous (forms the foramen) and Sacrotuberous Ligaments
Ligaments of Symphysis Pubis
Superior Pubic Ligament
Thick Arcuate Pubic Ligament
Anterior Pubic Ligament
Posterior Pubic Ligament
Movements of the Pelvis
Rotations of Ilium
Upslips
Inflare/Outflare
Sacral Flexion or Nutation
Sacral Extension or Counternutation
Rotation of Ilium
Anterior (ASIS tips downward, PSIS upward)
Posterior (PSIS tips downward, ASIS upward)
Upslips
Ilium moves up in comparison to sacrum
Inflare / Outflare
Outflare ASIS away from midline; PSIS toward midline
Inflare ASIS toward midline; PSIS away from midline
Nutation
top of sacrum dips in or anteriorly (Donald Duck)
Counternutation
Top of sacrum goes posteriorly (Pink Panther)
Sacral Motion with Respiration
Top of sacrum moves posteriorly with inhalation and forwards with exhalation; on expiration: top of sacrum goes anteriorly vs. on inspiration: top of sacrum goes posteriorly
Angles
Lumbosacral 140
Sacral 30
Pelvic 60
Factors which affect pelvic position and mobility
Age
Gender
Hormones
Anatomical Structures
Pathology
Habitual Patterns
Functional Role of Pelvis
Designed to absorb energy and transmit weight of trunk through the pelvis to the lower extremities. Important for locomotion.
Limited SI mobility may result in
Increased mobility at other joints to compensate, which can impair their function
Evaluation of the Mobility of Innominate Bone then describe each
PSIS Test and Gillet’s
Evaluation of the Mobility of Sacrum then describe each
Sacral Sulcus Test
Palpate Iliac Crest, ASIS, Greater Trochanter of femur, Symphysis Pubis, Femoral Artery, Ischial Tuberosity, PSIS, Sacral Sulcus, Piriformis Muscle, Sacral Movement with Breathing, Inferior Later Angle of Sacrum
Describe
Which ligaments resist separation of the Innominate Bones from the Sacrum Laterally
Iliolumbar
Anterior SI Ligament
Posterior SI Ligament
Interosseous Ligament
What ligaments limit nutation of the sacrum
Sacrotuberous
Sacrospinous
Anterior Sacroiliac
What ligaments limit counternutation of the sacrum
Anterior and Posterior SI Ligaments
