Hip

Question 1

Arthrokinematics of hip joint

Answer 1

Convex (femur) is moving on concave (acetabulum), so roll and glide opposite

Question 2

LE closed chain motion for pronation

Answer 2

Hip IR
Slight Flexion
Shortening of limb

Question 3

LE closed chain motion for supination

Answer 3

Hip ER
Slight extension
Lengthening of limb

Question 4

What is the angle of inclination?

Answer 4

Angle in the frontal plane b/t the neck of the femur + medial side of the femoral shaft

Question 5

Angle for Coxa Valga

Answer 5

> 125

Question 6

Angle for Coxa Norma

Answer 6

125

Question 7

Angle for Coxa Vara

Answer 7

<125

Question 8

What causes deviations of the hip alignments?

Answer 8

Fractures or congenital in nature

Question 9

How do deviations of the hip alignment impair function?

Answer 9

Joint stability
Weight bearing biomechanics
Muscle biomechanics

Question 10

What hip alignment lengthens limb?

Answer 10

Coxa valgum

Question 11

What hip alignment decreases mechanical advantage of hip?

Answer 11

Coxa valgum

Question 12

What hip alignment causes decreased hip stability?

Answer 12

Coxa valgum

Question 13

What hip alignment shortens the limb?

Answer 13

Coxa varum

Question 14

What hip alignment increases bending moment for hip muscles?

Answer 14

Coxa varum

Question 15

What hip alignment creates a longer moment arm for hip mm?

Answer 15

Coxa varum

Question 16

What hip alignment increases hip joint stability?

Answer 16

Coxa varum

Question 17

What is the angle of torsion?

Answer 17

Angle between a line that runs through femoral head and neck (b/t femoral condyles)

Question 18

Angle of retroversion

Answer 18

< 15 degrees

Question 19

Angle of anterversion

Answer 19

> 15

Question 20

Excessive anteversion characteristics

Answer 20

Inc hip IR
Dec hip ER
Dec joint stability
Dec muscle lever arm (Inc joint forces)

Question 21

Gait in anterversion

Answer 21

toeing in (Pigeon Toed)
Internal rotation of femur + tib

Question 22

What risk may occur in anterversion?

Answer 22

Patellofemoral subluxation

Question 23

Retroversion characteristics

Answer 23

Inc hip ER

Dec hip IR

Question 24

Gait in retroversion

Answer 24

Toeing out

Question 25

What is at risk for in retroversion?

Answer 25

Labral tears

Question 26

What defines a Pincer?

Answer 26

Hip abduction pinches superior labrum

Question 27

What defines a Cam?

Answer 27

Poor clearance of neck w/ hip flexion & abduction

Question 28

What does the Trendelenburg Test look for?

Answer 28

pelvic drop

Question 29

What might cause pelvic drop? (in Trendelenburg Test)

Answer 29

Weak hip abductors (gluteus medius)

Question 30

During anterior tilt of pelvis, what structures are tightened?

Answer 30

Hip Flexors | Lumbar Extensors

Question 31

During anterior tilt of pelvis, what structures are lengthened?

Answer 31

Hip Extensors | Abdominals

Question 32

During posterior tilt of pelvis, what structures are shortened?

Answer 32

Hip Extensors | Abdominals

Question 33

During posterior tilt of pelvis, what structures are tightened?

Answer 33

Hip Flexors | Erector Spinae

Question 34

Straight Leg Raise tests for?

Answer 34

hamstring: -tightness <80 deg flexion

Question 35

Is SLR test passive or active through range?

Answer 35

Passive

Question 36

What indicates stopping point during SLR test?

Answer 36

pelvic tilt anteriorly

Question 37

Ely's Test is for?

Answer 37

Rectus Femoris: - tight when anterior pelvic tilts OR - limited knee flexion

Question 38

What is passive insufficiency?

Answer 38

Lengthening a 2 joint muscle over both joints, but can't stretch anymore

Question 39

Piformis Muscle Length tests for?

Answer 39

Sciatic pain OR | Restriction of Movement

Question 40

What hip movements are tested during Piriformis test?

Answer 40

Hip internal and external rotation

Question 41

Modified Ober Test tests for?

Answer 41

IT band: - leg drops <10 deg below horizontal - look at pelvic tilt

Question 42

What side should a cane be used on? Why?

Answer 42

Contralateral side Reduce greatest force reduction Decrease stress to joint to mimic normal gait