Highway Safety and Vehicle Extrication

Question 1

position apparatus to block the scene

Answer 1

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Question 2

look when exiting the vehicle, wear safety vest,

Answer 2

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Question 3

scene safety…

Answer 3

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Question 4

complex and simple vehicle extrication

Answer 4

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Question 5

phases of extrication

Answer 5

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Question 6

eye protection whats best

Answer 6

safety gogles… pg 1046

Question 7

supplemental air bags

Answer 7

can deploy after the incident

Question 8

class a fire
class b
class c 
class d

Answer 8

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Question 9

simple and complex access.

Answer 9

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Question 10

disentanglement

Answer 10

remo

Question 11

1057 laminated glass - windshield

Answer 11

glass with plastic in the center of it****

Question 12

windows - tempered glass everywhere else

Answer 12

shatters into little pieces

Question 13

Initial Response

Answer 13

• Limited access highways: only primary or first-due units should proceed directly to scene
• On-scene units: park single file in same direction to minimize on-scene congestion

Question 14

Position Blocking Apparatus

Answer 14

• Create one-and-ahalf
to two lanes of blockage
• Position apparatus at angle; front wheels rotated away from incident
• Leave space immediately next to crash for vehicle extrication units
• Position ambulances, command vehicles, and other units downstream from crash
– Allows safer patient loading and rapid departure from scene

Question 15

Emergency Highway Safety

Answer 15

• Exit vehicle into safe zone
• Be alert for oncoming traffic
• Place flares or cones to slow traffic and channel away from incident lane
• Night operation: shut off vehicle’s white response lights and headlights

Question 16

Phases of Extrication

Answer 16

1. Preparing for rescue
2. Sizing up situation
3. Recognizing and managing hazards
4. Stabilizing vehicle prior to entering
5. Gaining access to patient
6. Providing primary patient assessment and rapid trauma exam
7. Disentangling patient
8. Immobilizing and extricating patient from vehicle
9. Providing assessment, care, and transport
10. Terminating rescue

Question 17

Protective Gear

for EMS Responders

Answer 17

• ANSI reflective safety vest

Question 18

Protective Gear for EMS Responders

Answer 18

• Helmets
• Eye protection
• Hand protection
• Body protection

Question 19

Managing Traffic

Answer 19

• Use flares for traffic control

Question 20

Supplemental Restraint System: Air Bags

Answer 20

• Air bags designed to inflate on impact, dissipate kinetic energy, minimize trauma to body
• Creates “smoke” in vehicle—cornstarch and talcum powder (and sometimes sodium hydroxide)

Question 21

Electrical Hazards

Answer 21

• High voltage lines common
• Assume entire area around exposed wire dangerous—conductors may have touched and energized
• Ordinary protective clothing gives no protection against electrocution

Question 22

Vehicle Fires

Answer 22

• Small fires: 15- or 20-pound class
A:B:C dry chemical fire extinguisher extinguishes almost
anything burning
• Fire under hood: do not attempt
extinguishment unless hood fully open
• Fire in passenger compartment: apply extinguisher sparingly until occupants can be freed
• Fire in trunk: apply same principles as engine compartment fire

Question 23

Stabilizing a Vehicle

Answer 23

• Vehicle on wheels
– Turn off engine; step-chock three sides
• Vehicle on side
– Stabilize with ropes, cribbing, or stabilizer bars
• Vehicle on roof
– Utilize 4x4 wood blocks to build crib box

Question 24

Gaining Access

Answer 24

• Simple access
– Check if door or window can be opened
– Try before you pry
• Complex access
– Utilize tools and equipment
– Break glass in side or rear window as far from passengers as possible

Question 25

Disentanglement

Answer 25

• Gain access by disposing of doors and roof
– Makes vehicle interior accessible
– Creates large exit-way
– Provides fresh air and helps cool heated patient

• Disentangle occupants by displacing front end
• Easily accomplished with heavy duty jacks and hacksaws
• Do not cut steering column or airbag wiring; may cause unexpected firing

Question 26

Chapter Review Highway Safety

Answer 26

• Highway operations are a high-risk scene.
• Scene size-up is key to determine how many patients.
• Protect yourself from traffic, un-deployed airbags, loaded bumpers and sharp metal.

Question 27

Chapter Review Highway Safety

Answer 27

• Ensure scene safety.
• Try simple means to gain access first.
• Protect your patient during the extrication process.

Question 28

Remember Highway Safety

Answer 28

• Highway response is a significant safety hazard for EMTs. Specific safety planning
and procedures must be utilized to keep responders safe.
• Responding units should evaluate need for further units, institute “blocking” to
protect work area, and always exit apparatus into safe zone.

Question 29

Remember Highway Safety

Answer 29

• Use protective equipment and warning devices.
• Vehicle extrication often requires specialized training and resources. Know local resources and procedure for activating those resources.

Question 30

Remember Highway Safety

Answer 30

• Determine extrication resources needed and patient extrication priority through thorough scene size-up.
• Extrication can pose a variety of threats. Evaluate the scene carefully and employ safety procedures.

Question 31

Remember Highway Safety

Answer 31

• Gaining access to patients frequently requires mechanical and technological assistance. Always start simply and escalate only when simple measures fail.