Highlighted Exam Stuff Flashcards
1
Q
What meant by the role of planning?
A
- Looking to co-ordinate a business’s activities so that it is moving forward in a focussed, coherent manner.
2
Q
Why is the skill of communication important?
A
- Convey ideas across clearly
- Convey enthusiasm across clearly
- Persuades people to see from their point of view
3
Q
What is centralisation?
A
- Where the majority of decisions are taken by senior managers at the top of a business
4
Q
What is decentralisation?
A
- Where senior managers at the top give greater authority to staff lower down the organisation and to employees in other locations
5
Q
Advantages of centralisation?
A
- Rapid decision making
- Ensures business pursues objectives set
- Economies of scale
6
Q
Disadvantages of centralisation?
A
- Poor motivation from junior employees
- Heavy workload for senior managers
- Waste of skills and knowledge
- Impersonal business
7
Q
Advantages of decentralisation?
A
- Improves motivation in junior employees
- Improves performance and loyalty
- Reduces workload for senior managers = more strategic decisions and focus on future
- Helps junior promotions
8
Q
Disadvantages of decentralisation?
A
- Lack of co-ordination
- Lack of communication
- Increased costs - loss of economies
9
Q
What is a routine decision?
A
Decisions taken regularly. Not unexpected - managers are prepared to take them as part of the regular duties
10
Q
What is a non routine decision?
A
Decisions that occur irregularly. May be needed because of some unexpected event
11
Q
What are the 5 forms of power?
A
- Coercive power - based on fear
- Reward power - based on ability to give benefits / rewards
- Expert power - based on expertise, skills, knowledge
- Legitimate / position power - position, title, role in organisation
- Referent power - based on charisma
12
Q
What is involved in autocratic leadership?
A
- Gives little freedom to junior employees to make decision
- Retains control
- Communication downwards
13
Q
Advantages of autocratic?
A
- Quick decision making
- Uniform message
- Lots of unskilled workers
14
Q
Disadvantages of autocratic?
A
- Employees don’t have information support or confidence to act on initiative
- Dependant on leaders
- Slow day to day decisions
15
Q
What is involved in paternalistic leadership?
A
- Autocratic but takes into account the interests of the workforce
- Consults & takes notice of views expressed by subordinates
- Retains control of decisions. Only delegates minor
