Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

sensory systems > higher visual cortices > Flashcards

higher visual cortices Flashcards

1
Q

blob regions in V1 project to

A

thin stripe region in V2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

inter blob region in V1 projects to

A

inter-stripe region in V2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4B of V1 projects to

A

thick stipe region in V2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

V4 receives input from which areas in V2?

A

thin stripe and inter-stripe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

V5 receives input from which regions in V2?

A

thick stripe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where does V5 (MT) project to?

A

V4 and V1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where does V2 project to?

A

V1, V4, V5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where does V4 project to?

A

V1, V2, V5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

input to V2 from earlier processing stages

A

V1 projects to layer 4
layer 4 projects to layer 2/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

V2 output to subsequent processing stages

A

from layer 2/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

V2 feedback to earlier processing stages

A

layer 2/3 to layer 5 to V1
layer 2/3 to layer 6 to V1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what pathway is the motion pathway part of?

A

the dorsal (parietal) pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what main two areas does the motion pathway include?

A

MT: middle temporal (v5)
MST: medial superior temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what makes the signal in the MT fast?

A

strong myelination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what cells give the main input for the motion pathway?

A

magnocellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

temporal preferred frequency and spatial acuity of motion pathway

A

low spatial acuity
high preferred temporal frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does the motion pathway receive indirect input from?

A

layer 2/3 in V1 via thick stripes in V2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

receptive fields in magnocellular pathway

A

much larger than V1
can also detect colour (some parvo input)
direction selective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is perceived motion in drifting grids and plaids

A

composite of the two gratings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what do drifting grating and plaids allow?

A

allows us to provide direction information that is distinct from the orientation and direction of either component

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what percentage of V5 cells are selective for composite stimulus

A

~20%
generate perceived motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

using dot clouds to study motion

A

Here no motion but can convey information, particularly in motion
* Population of cells in V5 that like&raquo_space; or &laquo_space;motion alternately active
corresponds to our perception of composite stimulus motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

where does the middle temporal project to?

A

the medial superior temporal (the adjacent region)

24
Q

what does the MT feed into

A

the main parietal ‘where’ stream

25
Q

MST cells receptive fields and what this causes

A

much larger than V5, sums up information from V5

26
Q

what is responded to beyond V5

A
  • Respond to direction of stimulus motion but can be complex – expansion, contraction, circular or spiral
    processes ‘optic flow’
    controls ‘smooth pursuit’ eye movements
27
Q

what is optic flow used for

A

to calculate direction of heading and distinguish self from motion object

28
Q

what does the where pathway do?

A

determine the location of objects in space, relative to ourselves

29
Q

scientific name for where pathway

A

dorsal (parietal) pathway

30
Q

where pathway projections

A

V1
projects to V2
projects to V4
projects to inferior parietal lobule: areas DP, 7a/b, VIP, LIP

31
Q

areas of inferior parietal lobule involves in the where pathway

A

DP, 7a/b, VIP, LIP

32
Q

why is there strong myelination in the LIP

A

the signal needs to be conveyed fast

33
Q

LIP (full name)

A

Lateral intraparietal cortex

34
Q

receptive field properties in LIP

A

Receptive fields are large and retinotopically organised across opposite hemifield

Retinotopic receptive field has a ‘motor field’

35
Q

what are LIP responses enhanced by?

A

saccade to target

cells are much more responsive to a stimulus in the receptive field if these are the target of a saccade

36
Q

saccade

A

rapid movement of eye between fixation points

37
Q

what to LIP cells not care about

A

colour and orientation

38
Q

relationship between strength of response and starting eye (or head) position

A

Strength (gain) of response changes linearly with respect to starting eye (or had) position

39
Q

what is each retinal location represented by in LIP

A

a population of cells with different field gains
for every region of visual space, there are many cells which represent that location

40
Q

what does a population of LIP cells code?

A

positions of objects in space with respect to the body

41
Q

what connections do LIP cells make

A

strong callosal connections with the LIP in the other hemisphere as we need a single representation of visual space

42
Q

feature of LIP cells

A

have large axonal and dendritic arbours because they need to pool information across large areas

43
Q

what do LIP cells combine information from?

A

the retina, eye position, head position and body position

44
Q

unique feature of LIP cells

A

LIP cells have memory

45
Q

what does memory in LIP cells allow

A

allows LIP cells to decide wat we will look at next
assists in forwards planning, for example in planning saccades

46
Q

what does the LIP make reciprocal connections with?

A

the frontal eye fields in the frontal cortex (FEF)

47
Q

what has memory other than LIP cells?

A

FEF

48
Q

what do the FEF and LIP have strong links to? nature of links? importance of links?

A

strong descending links to the superior colliculus important for decision to make saccades

49
Q

purpose of the what pathway

A

to discriminate between objects

50
Q

scientific name for the what pathway

A

the ventral (temporal) pathway

51
Q

what pathway projections

A

v1
projects to v2
projects to v4
projects to inferior temporal lobule

52
Q

areas of the inferior temporal lobule involved in the what pathway

A

anterior, central and anterior parts
-each with dorsal and ventral parts

53
Q

features of the inferior temporal cortex cells

A

have very large receptive fields
-may include fovea and both hemifields

54
Q

what so inferior temporal cortex cell do?

A

respond to complex stimuli
e.g. hands and faces

55
Q

how does the inferior temporal cortex respond to faces

A

cells may be responsive to certain components of faces, expressions etc.

information may be combined to make cells responsive to faces

56
Q

inferior temporal cortex receptive fields

A
  • Do not normally care about the position or size of the object
  • Generally, don’t care about the angle of view
  • Responses to specific ‘objects’ will vary according to familiarity
57
Q

the what and where pathways together

A
  • Higher cortical pathways need to share information
  • There are connections between dorsal and ventral pathways:
    so that ‘where’ can know where ‘what’ is, and visa versa

sensory systems (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions