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higher tier set Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Are the cells made in mitosis identical or varied?

A

Identical

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2
Q

Define active transport

A

Molecules moving from a low to high concentration

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3
Q

Define diffusion

A

Molecules moving from a high to low concentration

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4
Q

How are electron microscopes better than light microscopes?

A

Higher resolution and magnification

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5
Q

How are alveoli/villi adapted to maximise diffusion?

A

LSA, good blood supply, 1 cell thick

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6
Q

How do you calculate magnification?

A

Image size/ real size object

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7
Q

How do you change magnification on a light microscope?

A

change objective lens

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8
Q

How do you focus a light microscope?

A

Turn focusing wheel

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9
Q

How many cells are made in mitosis?

A

2

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10
Q

If an organism is larger, how does this affect the surface are to volume ratio?

A

Decreases

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11
Q

Name a prokaryotic cell

A

Bacterial

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12
Q

Name 2 eukaryotic cells

A

Animal and plant

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13
Q

What are stem cells?

A

Undifferentiated cells that can change into other type of cells

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14
Q

What do the water molecules move through in osmosis?

A

Semi permeable membrane

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15
Q

What dies active transport require?

A

Energy

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16
Q

What is a benefit of therapeutic cloning?

A

Cells cannot refuse

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17
Q

What is mitosis needed for?

A

Growth and repair

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18
Q

What is the cells wall made of?

A

Cellulose

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19
Q

What is the role of the cell membrane?

A

Contains what leaves and enters the cell

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20
Q

What is the role of the cell wall?

A

Strengthens and supports the cell

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21
Q

What is the role of the chloroplast?

A

Contains Chlorophyll that obtains light

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22
Q

What is the role of cytoplasm?

A

Site for chemical reactions

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23
Q

What is the role of mitochondria?

A

Site of respiration and releases energy

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24
Q

What is the role of the nucleus?

A

Controls the cells and contains DNA

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25
Q

What is the role of the ribosomes?

A

Protein synthesis

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26
Q

What is the role of the vacuole?

A

To contain Cell sap

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27
Q

Where are the adult stem cells found?

A

Found in bone marrow

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28
Q

Where are chromosomes found?

A

Found in the nucleus

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29
Q

Where are embryonic stem cells found?

A

Found in Embryo

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30
Q

Where are meristems found?

A

Found in plant shoots

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31
Q

Which molecules move in Osmosis?

A

Water molecules

32
Q

Why are cells specialised?

A

To function for a certain job

33
Q

Define atomic number

A

Number of protons

34
Q

Define mass number

A

Number of both protons and neutrons

35
Q

How did Mendeleev arrange his periodic table?

A

By atomic weight

36
Q

How do you separate a liquid from a solution?

A

By simple distillation

37
Q

How do you separate a soluble solid from a solution?

A

By crystallisation

38
Q

How do you separate an insoluble solid from a solvent?

A

By filtration

39
Q

How do you separate liquids with two different boiling points?

A

By fractional distillation

40
Q

How is the modern periodic table arranged?

A

By atomic number

41
Q

How many electrons do group 0 elements have in their outer shell?

A

1 electron

42
Q

How many electrons do group 1 elements have in their outer shell?

A

8 electrons, except from Helium

43
Q

How many electrons do group 7 elements have in their outer shell?

A

7 electrons

44
Q

State the reactivity of group 1 as you go down the group

A

Reactivity increases

45
Q

State the reactivity of group 7 as you go up the group

A

Reactivity increases

46
Q

What is a compound?

A

More than one elements joined together and cannot be separated by physical porcess

47
Q

What is a mixture?

A

A number of elements/compounds that are together that can be separated by physical process

48
Q

What is a group?

A

The vertical column in the periodic table

49
Q

What is a period?

A

Horizontal row of the periodic table

50
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Same atom of an element with a different neutron number

51
Q

What is group 0 called?

A

The Nobel Gases

52
Q

What is group 1 called?

A

Alkali Metals

53
Q

What is group 7 called?

A

Halogens

54
Q

What is the relative charge of a neutron?

A

Relative charge is neutral

55
Q

What is the relative charge of a proton?

A

Relative charge is positive

56
Q

What is the relative charge of an electron?

A

Relative charge if negative

57
Q

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

A

Relative mass of a neutron is 1

58
Q

What is the relative mass of a proton?

A

Relative mass of a proton is 1

59
Q

What is the relative mass of an electron?

A

Relative mass of an electron is 1

60
Q

What subatomic particle will you find in energy shells?

A

Subatomic particle is an electron

61
Q

What subatomic particle will you find in the nucleus of an atom?

A

Subatomic particle in a nucleus of an atom is both proton and neutron

62
Q

What two physical processes take place in fractional distillation?

A

Condensation and evaporation

63
Q

Why are group 0 unreactive?

A

Because they have a full outer shell

64
Q

Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his periodic table?

A

He believed that there were more elements to be discovered

65
Q

What is the main advantage of using nuclear power to generate electricity?

A

No Carbon dioxide emissions

66
Q

What is the main disadvantage of using nuclear power to generate electricity?

A

Has to be stored for thousands of years

67
Q

What is the main advantage of using wind to generate power?

A

Leaves no change towards the climate change

68
Q

What is the main disadvantage of using wind to generate electricity?

A

Wind is not a reliable source

69
Q

What is the main advantage of using solar power to generate electricity?

A

Leaves no change towards the climate change

70
Q

What is the main disadvantage of using solar power to generate electricity?

A

Sunlight is not a reliable soirce

71
Q

What is the main advantage of using biofuels to generate electricity?

A

Leaves no change towards the climate change

72
Q

What is the main disadvantage of using biofuels to generate electricity?

A

Land gets taken up in order to let plants grow for the fuel

73
Q

How does the resistance of an thermistor depend on temperature?

A

As temperature goes up, resistor goes down (T.U.R.D)

74
Q

How does the resistance of light dependent resistor depend on a light intensity?

A

As brightness increase, resistance decreases. (B.I.R.D)

75
Q

What is the unit of electrical resistance?

A

ohms

76
Q

What equation links current (I), potential difference (V) and resistance (R)?

A

V= I*R

77
Q

How are ammeters and voltmeters connected to a current?

A

Ammeter in series, Voltmeter in parallel.

Science (3 decks)

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