Higher Flashcards
Acciactura
An ornament which sounds like a crushed note being played just before the main note. Similar to a grace note.
A simple example of a cross rhythm.
3 against 2
This describes a note ‘added’ to the familiar chord structure of, root, 3rd, 5th. It adds on the 6th. Often used in jazz.
Added 6th
A passage of music where the lengths of notes are doubled.
Augmentation.
A bass line, commonly played on cello, bassoon, bass, viola da gamba. From the baroque period.
Basso continuo.
Music written for a small group of instruments, for performing in a small area like in homes.
Chamber music.
Elaborate vocal singing, involving scales, runs and ornaments, where there are a number of notes sung to the one syllable. Baroque period.
Coloratura.
Small, solo group of instruments as opposed to the main group.
Concertino.
An important form of music developed in the baroque period. Comprised of 3 main elements. Also what are these elements?
Concerto grosso.
Concertino
Ripieno
Basso continuo
Four notes built one on top of the other. It is built using intervals of a minor 3rd.
Diminished 7th
A passage of music where the note lengths are halved.
Diminution.
Chord built on the 5th note of a key which adds the 7th note above its root.
Dominant 7th.
When a theme first appears in music. Usually associated with Sonatas and fugues.
Exposition.
7th degree of the scale is raised by a semitone.
Harmonic minor.
High eerie sounds produced by a stringed instrument by lightly touching the strings at certain points.
Harmonics.
Effect created through the use of cross rhythms, tying notes across the bar line. Music mirrors the style of artists such as Claude Monet, where edges between objects are often blurred.
Impressionist
A cadence formed by the chords 5 then 6. Sounds unfinished.
Interrupted cadence.
A distance in pitch between two notes.
Interval.
When music doesn’t naturally fall into equal groups. Eg 5/4 time.
Irregular time.
A sub genre of jazz with some electronic instruments.
Jazz funk.
(German) solo voice accompanied by piano.
Lied
The scale consists of different notes when ascending/descending.
Melodic minor.
Term used to describe music based on a mode.
Modal.
An ornament which sounds the main note, the note above, then the main note again.
Mordent
Recorded natural sounds, transformed by simple editing techniques.
Musique concrete.
A prominent solo instrument part in a piece of vocal instrument.
Obbligato.
Usually a story from the bible set to music for soloists, chorus and orchestra.
Oratorio.
Variations over a ground bass.
Passacaglia.
A cadence formed by the chords 4 to 1.
Plagal cadence. Like ‘Amen’ at the end of a hymn.
Songs have Latin text and are sung both unaccompanied and in unison. Male voices.
Plainchant.
Type of vocal writing where the music follows the rhythms of speech usually used to move story along.
Recitative.
Larger ensemble group of instruments. (Connected to concerto grosso)
Ripieno.
A theme which frequently returns throughout the piece of music.
Ritornello.
Commonly used to describe the first movement of a symphony. And falls into three sections. Exposition, development, recapitulation.
Sonata form.
Key themes of a piece are heard again, in the same key.
Recapitulation.
Can be exemplified in two ways. A composition for solo piano. Or, a composition for a solo instrument accompanied by piano.
Sonata.
Developed in southern America in 1960’s. Combination of gospel, blues and country music, with a gritty sound.
Soul music.
A chamber music ensemble made up of 2 violins, a viola and a cello.
String quartet.
The main theme in a composition.
Subject.
No section is repeated.
Through-composed.
Final chord of a piece in a minor key is changed to major.
Tierce de picardie.
Term for the rapid up-and-down movement of a bow on a stringed instrument creating an agitated, restless effect.
Tremolando.
An ornament which takes half the value of the main note which follows it, or 2/3 if the main note is dotted.
Appogiatura.
Four notes which turn round the main note. Main note, note above, main note, note below then the main note again.
Turn
