Advanced Higher

Question 1

Answer

Answer 1

In a fugue, after the subject is played, the same tune appears in another voice in the dominant.

Question 2

Anthem

Answer 2

Short sacred choral piece sung in English. Sometimes sung by a choir unaccompanied and sometimes accompanied by organ, featuring solo parts.

Question 3

Antiphonal

Answer 3

Dialogue between voices or instruments - one group of voices or instruments answers the other.

Question 4

Appogiatura

Answer 4

An ornament which sounds like a leaning note, takes half the value of the main note which follows it or two-thirds if the main note is dotted.

Question 5

Augmented triad

Answer 5

This chord is formed by a major triad in which the 5th degree is raised by a semitone.

Question 6

Ayre/Air

Answer 6

Song or simple melody, sometimes the title of a movement of a suite.

Question 7

Ballett

Answer 7

A type of madrigal in strophic form which was originally danced to.

Question 8

Bridge

Answer 8

A link between two themes.

Question 9

Chorale

Answer 9

A German hymn tune, written in four parts for Soprano, Contralto (alto), tenor and Bass. SATB

Question 10

Chord II and 1st inversion

Answer 10

In a major key, chord number two tends to be a minor chord.

Question 11

Consort

Answer 11

Dance-like in style; this music could be played by solo instruments such as lutes, harpsichords or virginals, by small groups of instruments of the same family or a group of varied instruments from different families.

Question 12

Contemporary Jazz

Answer 12

Contemporary jazz is an umbrella term for all kinds of jazz music being played now - as well as jazz music of the 80’s, 90’s, 00’s, and 10’s.

Question 13

Countersubject

Answer 13

In a fugue, after the subject or answer is played, the continuation of the same instrument or voice is called the countersubject.

Question 14

Counter tenor

Answer 14

A male adult voice whose range is higher than a tenor’s.

Question 15

Electronic dance music

Answer 15

Normally heard in clubs where the DJ combines tracks electronically into one smooth mix. It can encompass music of different genres including house music, dubstep and bass.

Question 16

Fugue

Answer 16

A contrapuntal piece based on a theme (subject) announced in one voice part alone, then imitated by other voices in close succession.

Question 17

Galliard

Answer 17

A renaissance court dance which follows the pavan - 3 beats in a bar.

Question 18

Hermiola

Answer 18

A rhythmic device giving the impression of music changing from duple time to triple time, or vice versa.

Question 19

Inversion

Answer 19

When a musical shape is mirrored; an inverted chord is formed when a note other than the root it is the bass.

Question 20

Leitmotiv

Answer 20

A theme occurring throughout a work which represents a person, an event or an idea.

Question 21

Madrigal

Answer 21

A non-religious work, polyphonic in style, using imitation.

Question 22

Motet

Answer 22

A sacred choral work with Latin text and polyphonic texture, usually sung a Capella.

Question 23

Nationalist

Answer 23

Music which incorporates elements of folk music of the composer’s country.

Question 24

Neo-classical

Answer 24

From about 1929, composers reacted against Romanticism returning to the structures and styles of earlier periods, combined with dissonant, tonal and even atonal harmonies.

Question 25

Pavan

Answer 25

A renaissance court dance linked with the galliard - 2 beats in a bar.

Question 26

Piano trio

Answer 26

A piano trio is a chamber ensemble comprising of three instruments; the most common form comprises of a piano, violin and cello.

Question 27

Polytonality & Bitonality

Answer 27

The use of two (bitonality) or more keys (polytonality) played or sung at the same time.

Question 28

Renaissance

Answer 28

Renaissance means ‘rebirth’ and marks a period in history where there was a resurgence of interest in music based on the ideas of the ancient Greeks and Romans.

Question 29

Retrograde

Answer 29

To go backwards, a melody or section of music can be written or performed from the end to the beginning.

Question 30

Serial

Answer 30

A 20th- Century method of musical composition invented by Schoenberg in which the 12 notes of the chromatic scale are organised into a series or tone row.

Question 31

Song cycle

Answer 31

A group of songs linked by a common theme or with a text written by the same author, usually accompanied by piano but sometimes by small ensembles or full orchestra.

Question 32

Sprechgesang

Answer 32

A technique used in vocal music where the singer is required to use the voice in an expressive manner half-say between singing and speaking.

Question 33

Stretto

Answer 33

Where voices or instruments enter very quickly one after the other, as in fugue.

Question 34

Subject

Answer 34

The main theme in a composition, the main themes in sonata form, or the main theme on which a fugue it’s based.

Question 35

Suspension

Answer 35

This effect occurs when a note from one chord is held over to the next chord creating a discord, and is then resolved by moving one step to make a concord.

Question 36

Tone row/ note row

Answer 36

An arrangement of the 12 notes of the octave which forms the basis of a composition.

Question 37

Tritone

Answer 37

Interval of an augmented 4th, e.g. C-F sharp of F-B. It is made up of three whole tones.

Question 38

Turn

Answer 38

Four notes which turn round the main note with the note above, the main note, the note below, and the main note again.