high yield breast Flashcards
dermatome of nipple?
T4
vertically + horizontally position of breast?
Vertically: rib 2-6
Horizontally : from sternal edge to midaxillary line
what type of gland is the breast?
subcutaneous gland
what is the basic functional secretory unit of the breast?
Terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU)
changes to breast after menopause?
Secretory cells of terminal ductal unit (TDLU) degenerate leaving only ducts
-there are fewer fibroblasts, reduced collagen and elastic fibres in the connective tissue
where does most of the lymph drain to from the breasy?
> 75% goes to axillary nodes and then supraclavicular nodes
what does the breast lie on?
lie on deep fascia covering pec major and serratus anterior
what is found between the fascia and breast?
RETROMAMMARY SPACE
what attaches the breast to the skin?
the suspensory ligaments
if a lump is felt in the breast- how do you describe where it is?
position of lump is described in relation ot the 4 quadrants or a clock face
e.g. upper outer, upper inner, lower outer, lower inner
OR
12 oclock, 6 oclock, 3 oclock, 9 oclock
(3 would be inner, 6 lower, 12 upper and 9 outer)
where does lymph from inner breast drain to?
can drain to parasternal lymph nodes
Some from inner lower can drain to abdominal lymph nodes
where does lymph from the upper limb drain to?
upper limb drains to axillary lymph nodes (just like most of the breast)
explain the levels of axillary node clearance
Level I- inferior and lateral to pectoralis minor (below armpit)
Level II- deep to pectoralis minor (within armpit)
Level III- superior and medial to pectoralis minor (upper part of armpit near breastbone)
what artery supplies blood to the lateral aspect of the breast?
Subclavian artery > axillary artery > lateral thoracic artery> branches of to lateral mammillary artery
name these arteries
(subclavian becomes axillary artery at 1st rib)
