Hiatus hernia Flashcards
What is a hiatus hernia?
The protrusion of the abdominal contents through an enlarged oesophageal hiatus in the diaphragm
What are the two types of hiatus hernia?
Sliding hiatus hernia
Rolling hiatus hernia
What is a sliding hiatus hernia?
The gastro-oeseophageal junction slides up into the chest
What is a rolling hiatus hernia?
The gastro-oesophageal junction stays in the abdomen, but a part of the stomach protrudes into the chest alongside the oesphagus
What are the signs and symptoms of a hiatus hernia?
Heartburn
Dysphagia
Regurgitation
Odynophagia
Shortness of breath
Chronic cough
Chest pain
What is the most sensitive test for hiatus hernia?
Barium swallow
What is the conservative management of a hiatus hernia?
Weight loss
Elevating the head of the bed
Avoidance of large meals
Avoidance of eating before bedtime
Smoking cessation
What is the medical management of hiatus hernia?
PPI
What is the surgical management of hiatus hernia?
Nissen’s fundoplication - closes the defect
