HHRI Flashcards
What happened after the UN peacekeeping force intervened in Côte d’Ivoire?
The president and his wife were arrested by French troops - they were then handed over to the International Criminal Court at The Hague to face charges of crimes against humanity
Since 2015, Côte d’Ivoire has been relatively stable
What are the problems with the UK supplying military aid to Saudi Arabia?
Saudis are mostly Sunni Muslims, so Shia Muslims may oppose this
Saudi Arabia has a poor record when it comes to human rights, as seen by the implementation of Strict Sharia law - fighter planes could be used for human rights offences such as the bombing of innocent people
In 2011, what was a UN peacekeeping force tasked with in Côte d’Ivoire?
Protecting civilians
Promoting human rights
Stopping the conflict between the Christians and the Muslims
How did a Civil war in Côte d’Ivoire begin? (2010)
Christian President lost the election to a Muslim. The president refused to step down, resulting in a civil war
How many Syrian residents have been affected by the civil war since 2011?
6.7 million Syrians have been internally displaced and a further 6.6 million have fled abroad as refugees - total deaths are between 500,000 and 600,000
What is the political problem in Botswana?
Same political party has been in power for over 40 years - state control of the media makes it difficult for oppositional parties to campaign in elections on an equal footing
What are some human rights abuses in Botswana?
Botswana retains the death penalty
LGBTQ+ groups face widespread discrimination despite homosexuality being decriminalised in 2019
How badly does Botswana suffer from aids?
Botswana has the 3rd highest prevalence of aids in the world. The disease has dramatically cut life expectancy
How did Botswana increase its GDP?
Botswana is the world’s largest producer of diamonds
Diamonds account for a third of Botswana’s GDP and about three-quarters of its exports
What was Botswana’s GDP per capita when it became independent compared to 2019?
1966 - GDP per capita = $70
2019 - GDP per capita = $8250
Give an example of rendition
Maher Arar, a dual Canadian-Syrian citizen, was detained by U.S. authorities in 2002. He was subsequently rendered to Syria, where he was imprisoned and tortured for over a year. Arar was eventually released, where an inquiry cleared him of any connections to terrorism
What is rendition?
The practice of sending terrorist suspects covertly to be interrogated in a country where the humane treatment of prisoners is less of a concern
What are the problems with land grabs in Kenya?
88% of the population have access to less than three hectares of land
Minority ethnic groups are excluded from land ownership
How much does the Nigerian government earn from oil revenues, what is the problem with oil revenues given to Nigerians, and what is this leading to?
Nigerian government earns £10bn a year from oil revenues
The oil revenues are largely in the hands of the majority ethnic group - the Yoruba
All of this is leading to violent protests and kidnappings of foreign oil company workers
How is the production of oil threatening human health in Nigeria?
Oil spills are leading to the pollution of water supplies and farmland
People are ingesting contaminated food/water
Livelihoods such as fishing and farming have been threatened as a result
Give one practice conducted by Robert Mugabe (the former president of Zimbabwe) that was corrupt and compare the GDP per capita of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2019
Land reforms - taking land from former White colonialists and giving it to Black Zimbabweans - corrupt process - best land went to Mugabe’s supporters
1980 - GDP per capita = $1000
2019 - GDP per capita = $1400
When was EasyJet founded, and what was it like at the time?
Founded in 1995
Started with two aircraft, flying from London to Edinburgh and Glasgow at the ‘cost of a pair of jeans’ just £29 one way
What happened a year after EasyJet was founded?
Flights to Barcelona were introduced
What is EasyJet like today?
It now has over 1,000 flight routes in the EU and several that extend beyond. By 2020, the company owned 337 aeroplanes. 96 million people used the airline in 2019 which brought in revenues of nearly £6.4 billion
How has EasyJet connected Europe?
Most of Europe’s major cities are now interconnected via EasyJet’s cheap flight network
What is an example of EasyJet “switching-on” a place?
Cities like Tallinn in Estonia have become an affordable place for British tourists. Flights from the UK to Tallinn were introduced in 2004 and tickets only cost £40 each
What was China like prior to 1978?
Prior to 1978, China was poor and politically isolated. Under the communist leadership of Mao Zedong until 1976, millions died from famine and many more millions lived in poverty.
What did Urbanisation do to China?
Urbanisation fuelled the growth of low-wage factories, giving China the nickname ‘workshop of the world’.
How has china been “closed-off” to global flows?
China is still closed to companies like Google, Facebook and Coca-Cola, where they blocked the company’s acquisition of Huiyan Juice in 2008. Only 34 foreign films are screened in Chinese cinemas each year.
What is an SEZ?
A special economic zone (SEZ) is an area in which the business and trade laws are different from the rest of the country.
Why are SEZs made?
To attract foreign direct investment (FDI)
What is internet accessibility like in North Korea?
Ordinary citizens do not have access to the internet or social media
There are no undersea data cables connecting North Korea with anywhere else
Why is the internet banned for civilians in North Korea?
To stop them from discovering what the outside world is like
