HHRI

Question 2

What happened after the UN peacekeeping force intervened in Côte d’Ivoire?

Answer 2

The president and his wife were arrested by French troops - they were then handed over to the International Criminal Court at The Hague to face charges of crimes against humanity

Since 2015, Côte d’Ivoire has been relatively stable

Question 3

What are the problems with the UK supplying military aid to Saudi Arabia?

Answer 3

Saudis are mostly Sunni Muslims, so Shia Muslims may oppose this

Saudi Arabia has a poor record when it comes to human rights, as seen by the implementation of Strict Sharia law - fighter planes could be used for human rights offences such as the bombing of innocent people

Question 4

In 2011, what was a UN peacekeeping force tasked with in Côte d’Ivoire?

Answer 4

Protecting civilians
Promoting human rights
Stopping the conflict between the Christians and the Muslims

Question 5

How did a Civil war in Côte d’Ivoire begin? (2010)

Answer 5

Christian President lost the election to a Muslim. The president refused to step down, resulting in a civil war

Question 6

How many Syrian residents have been affected by the civil war since 2011?

Answer 6

6.7 million Syrians have been internally displaced and a further 6.6 million have fled abroad as refugees - total deaths are between 500,000 and 600,000

Question 7

What is the political problem in Botswana?

Answer 7

Same political party has been in power for over 40 years - state control of the media makes it difficult for oppositional parties to campaign in elections on an equal footing

Question 8

What are some human rights abuses in Botswana?

Answer 8

Botswana retains the death penalty

LGBTQ+ groups face widespread discrimination despite homosexuality being decriminalised in 2019

Question 9

How badly does Botswana suffer from aids?

Answer 9

Botswana has the 3rd highest prevalence of aids in the world. The disease has dramatically cut life expectancy

Question 10

How did Botswana increase its GDP?

Answer 10

Botswana is the world’s largest producer of diamonds

Diamonds account for a third of Botswana’s GDP and about three-quarters of its exports

Question 11

What was Botswana’s GDP per capita when it became independent compared to 2019?

Answer 11

1966 - GDP per capita = $70
2019 - GDP per capita = $8250

Question 12

Give an example of rendition

Answer 12

Maher Arar, a dual Canadian-Syrian citizen, was detained by U.S. authorities in 2002. He was subsequently rendered to Syria, where he was imprisoned and tortured for over a year. Arar was eventually released, where an inquiry cleared him of any connections to terrorism

Question 13

What is rendition?

Answer 13

The practice of sending terrorist suspects covertly to be interrogated in a country where the humane treatment of prisoners is less of a concern

Question 14

What are the problems with land grabs in Kenya?

Answer 14

88% of the population have access to less than three hectares of land

Minority ethnic groups are excluded from land ownership

Question 15

How much does the Nigerian government earn from oil revenues, what is the problem with oil revenues given to Nigerians, and what is this leading to?

Answer 15

Nigerian government earns £10bn a year from oil revenues

The oil revenues are largely in the hands of the majority ethnic group - the Yoruba

All of this is leading to violent protests and kidnappings of foreign oil company workers

Question 16

How is the production of oil threatening human health in Nigeria?

Answer 16

Oil spills are leading to the pollution of water supplies and farmland

People are ingesting contaminated food/water

Livelihoods such as fishing and farming have been threatened as a result

Question 17

Give one practice conducted by Robert Mugabe (the former president of Zimbabwe) that was corrupt and compare the GDP per capita of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2019

Answer 17

Land reforms - taking land from former White colonialists and giving it to Black Zimbabweans - corrupt process - best land went to Mugabe’s supporters

1980 - GDP per capita = $1000
2019 - GDP per capita = $1400

Question 18

When was EasyJet founded, and what was it like at the time?

Answer 18

Founded in 1995

Started with two aircraft, flying from London to Edinburgh and Glasgow at the ‘cost of a pair of jeans’ just £29 one way

Question 19

What happened a year after EasyJet was founded?

Answer 19

Flights to Barcelona were introduced

Question 20

What is EasyJet like today?

Answer 20

It now has over 1,000 flight routes in the EU and several that extend beyond. By 2020, the company owned 337 aeroplanes. 96 million people used the airline in 2019 which brought in revenues of nearly £6.4 billion

Question 21

How has EasyJet connected Europe?

Answer 21

Most of Europe’s major cities are now interconnected via EasyJet’s cheap flight network

Question 22

What is an example of EasyJet “switching-on” a place?

Answer 22

Cities like Tallinn in Estonia have become an affordable place for British tourists. Flights from the UK to Tallinn were introduced in 2004 and tickets only cost £40 each

Question 23

What was China like prior to 1978?

Answer 23

Prior to 1978, China was poor and politically isolated. Under the communist leadership of Mao Zedong until 1976, millions died from famine and many more millions lived in poverty.

Question 24

What did Urbanisation do to China?

Answer 24

Urbanisation fuelled the growth of low-wage factories, giving China the nickname ‘workshop of the world’.

Question 25

How has china been “closed-off” to global flows?

Answer 25

China is still closed to companies like Google, Facebook and Coca-Cola, where they blocked the company’s acquisition of Huiyan Juice in 2008. Only 34 foreign films are screened in Chinese cinemas each year.

Question 26

What is an SEZ?

Answer 26

A special economic zone (SEZ) is an area in which the business and trade laws are different from the rest of the country.

Question 27

Why are SEZs made?

Answer 27

To attract foreign direct investment (FDI)

Question 28

What is internet accessibility like in North Korea?

Answer 28

Ordinary citizens do not have access to the internet or social media

There are no undersea data cables connecting North Korea with anywhere else

Question 29

Why is the internet banned for civilians in North Korea?

Answer 29

To stop them from discovering what the outside world is like