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Pharm II Exam 2 > HF > Flashcards

HF Flashcards

1
Q

Inotropic drugs

A

Digoxin
Milrinone (PDEI)
Dobutamine
Dopamine

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2
Q

Iondilator

A

Milrinone

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3
Q

HF med when need increase in contractility and has low BP

A

Dopamine

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4
Q

MOA of digoxin

A

inhibit Na/K ATPase –> increase intracellular Na –> decrease Ca export –> increased contractility and decreased HR

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5
Q

HR decrease in normal hearts on digoxin

A

baroreflex causes increases sensitivity of SA node to Ach (vagal stimulation)

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6
Q

HR decrease in HF hearts on digoxin

A

high sympathetic tone –> as digitalis increases myocardial contractility, sympathetic tone is reduced

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7
Q

Most common SE of digoxin

A

cardiac: sinus bradycardia, AV block. ectopic ventricular beats, bigeminy

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8
Q

Most common cause of death on digoxin

A

V. fib

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9
Q

GI effects on digoxin

A

lower dose

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10
Q

Mild arrhythmia on digoxin

A

give IV or oral vitamin K and lower dose

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11
Q

Severe arrhythmia/life threatening on digoxin

A

DigiFab

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12
Q

Decrease clearance of digoxin

A 
quinidine
amiodarone
cyclosporine
captopril
verapamil
diltiazam
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13
Q

Increase absorption of digoxin

A

omeprazole

erythromycin

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14
Q

Decrease absorption of digoxin

A

Bran

Cholestyramine

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15
Q

Other digoxin toxicities

A

vitamin K decreases
calcium increases
BB: bradycardia
CCB: dec. contractility

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16
Q

PDEI

A

milrinone

17
Q

beta-1 agonist

A

dobutamine

18
Q

used in severe refractory cases of HF

A

Dobutamine

Dopamine

19
Q

Oral inotropic HF drug

A

digoxin

20
Q

Drugs that reduce mortality in HF

A

adosterone antagonists, ACE, ARBS, BB, ARBNI

21
Q

Diuretic that increases life span in HF

A

spironolactone

eplerenone

22
Q

ACE effects

A

dec. afterload (dec. ATII)

Dec. preload (dec. aldosterone release)

23
Q

Neprilysin

A

degrades natriuretic peptides, bradykinin and others

24
Q

Entresto

A

ARNI: good at reducing mortality; dec. vasoconstrction, sodium retention and cardiac remodeling

25
Q

SE of entresto

A

hypotension
hyperkalemia (ARB)
cough/angioedema

26
Q

Contra of entresto

A

pregnancy

ACE

27
Q

BB drugs

A

carvedilol

metoprolol

28
Q

Effects of BB

A 
decrease mortality
dec renin secretion
attenuate effects of high catecholamines
up-regulate b receptors
dec. HR
dec. remodeling
29
Q

When do you not use BB

A

severe, end stage HF (negative inotropic effect)

30
Q

Vasodilators

A

Sodium nitroprusside
Isosorbide dinitrate
Hydralazine

31
Q

How are vasodilators effect

A

reduce preload, afterload or both

dec. damaging remodeling of heart

32
Q

Ivabradine MOA

A

block funny current in SA node, thus decreasing HR

33
Q

When to use ivabradine

A

used when HR >70 bpm and beta blockers are at max dose or you can’t take BB

34
Q

Adverse effects of ivabradine

A

bradycardia

conduction abnormalities: sinus arrest and heart block

35
Q

Nesiritide

A

synthetic BNP, vasodilation and diuresis

Pharm II Exam 2 (4 decks)

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