Heterogylcans- More Than 1 Monosacc In Hydrolysis Flashcards
Natural plant hydrocolloids that can be anionic or non-ionic polysaccharides
Gum and mucilages
Water retaining vehicles (althea root & psyllium seed)
Mucilage
Produced by plants as a protective agent after injury, as solidified exudates due to stress
Gums
After hydrolysis, gums yield 5
Arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose and uronic deriv
Gums and mucilages (5)
Plant exudates Marine gums Seed gums Microbial gums Pectin
Exudates of tragacanth (scientific name)
Astralagus gummifer / shrub and tree exudates
Worm-like twisted in coils
Vermiform
Tearlike
Tragacanth sorts
Has longitudinal striations
Ribbon/ flake gum
Swelling property
Bassorin (60-70%)
Water sol
Tragacanthin (30-40%)
Gums (4)
TAGhKa
Tragacanth
Acacia
Ghatti gum
Karaya gum
Exudate from acacia senegal
Acacia/ gum arabic
Mix of Ca, Mg and K salts
35% suspending agent
Arabin
Exudate from Anogeissus latifolia
Sub for acacia (more viscous)
Ghatti gum/ indian gum
Exudate from Sterculia urens (has odor)
Forms a discontinuous kind of mucilage
Karaya gum/ Sterculia gum
Marine gums (4)
Algin (sodium alginate)
Agar
Carrageenan
Danish agar
SoAg CaDa
In brown seaweeds (scientific name)
In food industry, has gastroprotectant property
Algin/ sodium alginate
Macrocystis porifera
Responsible for swelling in algin
Mannuric acid
Substance from Geladium cartilagineum or Gracilaria confervoides
Stiffening agent in culture media
Agar/ gulaman/ japanese isinglas
Has low sulfate content
Agarose
High sulfur content/ saelling
Agaropectin
Hydrocolloids from red algae or seaweeds
Carrageenan
Sn of chondrus
Chondrus crispus
Irish moss sn
Gigartina mamillosa
marine Gum w gelling prop
K & i carrageenan
Marine gum w non gelling prop; thcikening agent
Gamma carrageenan
From red algae , similar to k-carrageenan
Danish agar/ furcellaran
Furcellaria fastigiata
Seed gums (3)
Plantago seed
Guar gum
Locust bean gum
Other names for plantago seed
P. Psyllium, p. Indica, spanish or french psyllium seed
Psyllium seed/ plantain seed
Blonde psyllium or indian plantago seed
Plantago ovata
Plant part used in plantago seed
Powdered seed coat
Sm name of guar gum / guaran
Cyamopsis tetragonolobus
Part used in guar gum
Powdered endosperm
Locust bean gum sn
Certonis siliqua
Part used in locust bean gum
Powder made from flesh of mature seed pods
Substitute for chocolate
Thickener and stabilizer
Locust bean gun/ st bernard’s bread/ carod pulp
High MW gum
Xanthan gum
Sn of bacteria (?) in xanthan gum
Xanthamonas campestris
Has pseudoplastic properties so used in toothpastes and ointments
Xanthan
Purified carbohydrates
From citrus fruits of apple promades
Antidiarrheal, suspending agent, protectant
Pectin (only plant extract)
Isolated from
Unripe fruits
Protopectin
From
Riped fruits
Pectin or sol
Pectin
Over ripe fruits
Pectic acid