2 Flashcards
More than 10 sugar units
For storage (__ in plants, ___ in animals), and for structure (___,___)
Polysaccharides
Starch, glycogen
Chitin, cellulose
Made of one type of sugar only
Used in dusting powder, tablet filler, binder, disintegrant, antidote to I2 poisoning
Hokoglycans/ homopolysaccharides
Temporary storage form of photosynthetic products in plants
Starch (glucosan)
Scientific names of:
Corn grain
Potato tubers
Wheat grain
Zea mays
Solanum tuberosum
Triticum aestivum
Paste forming property of starch
Amylopectin
Prop of starch that is soluble in water
Amylose
Deep blue in iodine test
Amylose
Branching therefore a-1,4 & a-1,6 bonds
Amylopectin
Enzyme in pancreatic juice (1) & saliva (2)
Alpha-amylases (1) amylopsin (2) ptyalin
End product is a mix if glucose, maltose, amylopectin
A-amylase
Remove maltose unit from non-reducing end of polysaccharides
Branching points: maltose & dextrins (incomplete hydrolysis)
B-amylases
End product is nearly pure maltose
B-amylase
Starch processed to rupture all or part of granules in the presence of water; used as tablet excipient
Pregelatinized starch
used as Tablet disintegrant
Sodium starch glycolate
Semisynthetic material used as plasma expander (6%); 90% amylopectin
Hetastarch
Branches every 10 units & more highly branched than starch
Glycogen/ animal starch (glucosan)
Wine red in iodine test
Glycogen/ animal starch (glucosan)
Polymer of fructose (B-2,1 bonds) “fructosan”
Measures glomerular filtration
Inulin/ hydrous inulin
Glucosan
Plasma expander cos same osmolarity and viscosity as plasma
Leuconostoc mesenteroides release the enzyme dextran sucrase which is responsible for the conversion of sucrose to dextrans
Dextran
Found in bacteria, rumen microflora, or herbivorous animals
Not digested by mammalian enzyme
Natural source is cotton
MOST ABUNDANT ORGANIC COMPOUND
mexhanical procection against bacteria
Absorbs mucus pus and blood
Cellulose
scientific name of cotton
Cylindrical when (1), flattened and twisted when (2)
Gossypium hebaceum, malvaceae
Young, matured
Test of cellobiose/cotton
Ammoniacal CuO/ Schweizer’s rgt
Dissolves, leaving fragments of cuticle
Raw cotton
Dissolves w uniform swelling
Absorbent cotten
Tablet binder and film coat
Ethyl cellulose
Bulk laxative and suspending agent
Methyle cellulose
Enteric coating for tablets
Cellulose acetate phthalate
Used as topical protectant
Action of nitric & sulfuric acid
Pyroxylin/ soluble guncotton
Waterproofing agent in flexible colloidon
Camphor (2%)
Flexible agent in flexible colloidon
Castor oil (3%)
Colloidon (ethereal soln)
Pyroxylin+alcohol+ether
Homopolymer if N-acetyl-B-D-glucosamine
Anti-angiogenic
Chitib
