HESI HINTS MATERNITY

Question 1

To avoid pregnancy, a woman should abstain from unprotected sexual intercourse during?

Answer 1

Her fertile days.

Question 2

The most fertile days for pregnancy are when?

Answer 2

The day before ovulation and the day of ovulation.

Question 3

When does the The fertile period begin?

Answer 3

4 to 5 days prior to ovulation and ends 24 to 48 hours after ovulation.

Question 4

A couple must avoid unprotected intercourse when to not get pregnant? Why?

Answer 4

for several days before an anticipated ovulation and for 3 days after ovulation to prevent pregnancy because sperm can live in a woman’s body approximately 4 to 5 days and eggs live approximately 24 to 48 hours after being released.

Question 5

Some women do not realize they are pregnant because?

Answer 5

They experience implantation bleeding or spotting.

Question 6

Signs of healthy psychosocial maternal–fetal bonding include what?

Answer 6

Massaging the abdomen, nicknaming the fetus, and talking to the fetus in utero.

Question 7

What should women be assessed for during pregnancy and why?

Answer 7

For many women, battering (emotional or physical abuse) begins during pregnancy. Women should be assessed for abuse in private, away from the partner, by a nurse who is familiar with local resources and knows how to determine the safety of the client.

Question 8

Practice determining gravidity and parity. Math Skill: A woman who is 6 weeks pregnant has the following maternal history:
• She has healthy 2-year-old male fraternal twins.
• She had a miscarriage at 22 weeks.
• She had an elective abortion at 6 weeks, 5 years earlier.

Answer 8

With this pregnancy, she is gravida 4 para 2, only 2 deliveries after 20 weeks’ gestation, and twins are two living.
• GTPAL is 4 1-1-1-21 (G-4 pregnancies [twins, miscarriage, elective abortion, current pregnancy]): T-1 (twins count as one birth); P-1 (22-week miscarriage); A-1 (elective abortion at 6 weeks); L-2 (twins).

Question 9

Nägele rule? What is it? If the first day of a woman’s last normal menstrual period was December 9, what is her EDB, using the Nägele rule?

Answer 9

A way to calculate EDB.

Answer: September 16. Count back 3 months and add 7 days (always give February 28 days).

Question 10

Hgb and Hct data can be used to evaluate?
Ex. A 22-year-old primigravida at 12 weeks’ gestation has an Hgb of 9.6 g/dL and an Hct of 31%. She has gained 3 lb during the first trimester.

Answer 10

Nutritional status.

Question 11

How much weight should you gain in first trimester?

Answer 11

A weight gain of 2 to 4 lb during the first trimester is recommended.

Question 12

Foods high in iron?

Answer 12

Fish and red meats
• Cereals and yellow vegetables
• Green leafy vegetables and citrus fruits
• Egg yolks and dried fruits

Question 13

As pregnancy advances, the uterus presses on abdominal vessels (vena cava and aorta). Teach the woman that?

Answer 13

A left side-lying position relieves supine hypotension and increases perfusion to uterus, placenta, and fetus.

Question 14

What is the normal FHR?

Answer 14

The normal FHR is 110 to 160 bpm.

Question 15

What are are the first and most important indicators of compromised blood flow to the fetus?

Answer 15

Changes in FHR.

Question 16

State the objective signs that signify ovulation.

Answer 16

Abundant, thin, clear cervical mucus; Spinnbarkeit (egg-white stretchiness) of cervical mucus; open cervical os; slight drop in basal body temperature and then 0.5°- to 1°-F rise; ferning under the microscope.

Question 17

Ovulation occurs how many days before the next menstrual period?

Answer 17

14 days.

Question 18

State three ways to identify the chronological age of a pregnancy (gestation)?

Answer 18

10 lunar months; 9 calendar months consisting of three trimesters of 3 months each; 40 weeks; 280 days.

Question 19

What maternal position provides optimum fetal and placental perfusion during pregnancy?

Answer 19

The knee–chest position, but the ideal position of comfort for the mother, which supports fetal, maternal, and placental perfusion, is the side-lying position (removes pressure from the abdominal vessels [vena cava, aorta]).

Question 20

Name the major discomforts of the first trimester and one suggestion for amelioration of each?

Answer 20

Nausea and vomiting: crackers before rising; fatigue: rest periods and naps and 7 to 8 hours of sleep at night.

Question 21

If the first day of a woman’s last normal menstrual period was February 3, what is the EDB using the Nägele rule?

Answer 21

Count back 3 months and add 7 days: November 10 (always give February 28 days)..

Question 22

At 20 weeks’ gestation, the fundal height would be _____; the fetus would weigh approximately _____ and would look like _____.

Answer 22

At the umbilicus; 200 to 400 g; a baby—with hair, lanugo, and vernix, but without any subcutaneous fat.

Question 23

State the normal psychosocial responses to pregnancy in the second trimester?

Answer 23

Ambivalence wanes and acceptance of pregnancy occurs; pregnancy becomes “real”; signs of maternal–fetal bonding occur.

Question 24

The hemodilution of pregnancy peaks at _____ weeks and results in a(n) _____ in a woman’s Hct?

Answer 24

28 to 32 weeks; decrease.

Question 25

State three principles relative to the pattern of weight gain in pregnancy?

Answer 25

Total gain should average 11.3 to 15.9 kg (25 to 35 lb). Gain should be consistent throughout pregnancy. An average of 1 lb/week should be gained in the second and third trimesters.

Question 26

During pregnancy, a woman should add _____ calories to her diet and drink _____ of milk per day?

Answer 26

300; 240 ml (8 ounce) glasses per day.

Question 27

FHR can be auscultated by Doppler at _____ weeks’ gestation?

Answer 27

10 to 12.

Question 28

Describe the schedule of prenatal visits for a low-risk pregnant woman?

Answer 28

Once every 4 weeks until 28 weeks; every 2 weeks from 28 to 36 weeks; then once a week until delivery.