Hertz MSK Review Pathology

Question 1

atrophy
sensory loss
clumsy, foot deformities (looks like a pes cavus foot)

Answer 1

charcot marie tooth disease

inheritied neuropathy

Question 2

lack of dystrophin
walking abnormalities
pseudohypertrophy (fatty replacement)
elevated creatinine kinase

Answer 2

Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy

Question 3

periorbital edema
heliotrope rash
perifascicular inflammation

proximal muscle weakness- difficulty getting out of chair or climbing steps

gottron papules

interstitial fibrosis

Answer 3

Dermatomyositis

autoimmune disease

Anti-Mi2- gottron papules, rash
Anti-Jo1 antibodies- mechanics hands, lung disease
Anti-P155/P140- juvenile cases

Question 4

ptosis, droopy eyelid, diplopia
autoimmune disease

increased risk for what other tumor

Answer 4

thymoma

this is myasthenia gravis

Question 5

serum electrophoresis has gamma spike
back pain
older male
bone marrow biopsy- eccentric nuclei, hoff, basophilic cytoplasm

Answer 5

mulitple myeloma

Question 6

mosaicism - cementing

Answer 6

Paget diseaes of the bone

Question 7

brown tumor

Answer 7

seen in rib

from hyperparathyroidism

Question 8

high sed rate, fever, pain

lytic focus of bone destruction

sequstrum - dead
involucrum- live

metaphysis

Answer 8

osteomyeltiis

staph aureus

Question 9

osteiod osteoma vs. osteoblastoma

Answer 9

osteoid osteoma- small, <2cm , seen in vertebral body

Question 10

Codman triangle
knee
metaphysis

Answer 10

osteosarcoma

Question 11

benign
cartilage capped tumor
attached by bony stalk

Answer 11

osteochondroma

Question 12

benign tumors of hyaline cartilage

no pain

Answer 12

chondroma

Question 13

multiple enchondromas

Answer 13

worry about maffucci and ollier disease

maffucci has spindle cell hemangiomas

Question 14

malignant
produce cartilage
40's or older
males greater than female
axial skeleton- pelvis, shoulder, ribs

scalloping with flocculent densities ***

can spread to lungs

Answer 14

chondrosarcoma

Question 15

chinese characters
multiple orthopedic surigcal procedures due to multiple fractures
ground glass

Answer 15

fibrous dysplasia

sabor looking

Question 16

8 year old boy
onion skinning
fever, elevated sed rate, anemia, leukocytosis
small round blue cell tumor

Answer 16

Ewing sarcoma

t(11;12)
PAS stain b/c they are rich in glycogen

Question 17

fluid fluid levels
metaphysis
blood filled

Answer 17

aneurysmal bone cyst