Herpes Simplex Virus Flashcards
What are symptoms of oral herpes?
(herpes labialis) include tingling and burning followed by development of vesicular then ulcerative lesions involving the oropharynx and perioral mucosa
What are symptoms of genital herpes?
range from asymptomatic to tingling and burning without lesions, to recurrent genital ulcerations
What can help decrease severity and shorten duration?
Aciclovir, famciclovir, and valaciclovir
How does daily suppressive therapy work?
reduces recurrences by 80% and reduces transmission risk by approximately 50%
What is used to diagnose infection with or without lesions and distinguish between type 1 and 2?
Glycoprotein G-based type-specific serology testing
What are RF for HSV?
HIV infection and immunosuppressive medications
What is Sx for HSV?
- Dysuria (women)
- Lymphadenopathy
- Genital ulcer
- Oral ulcer
What Ix are used in HSV?
- HSV polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
- Viral culture
- Glycoprotein G-based type-specific serology (gG1 and gG2)
What are DDx for HSV?
- Syphillus
- Chancroid
- Contact dermatitis
What is management for HSV?
1. Antivirals – acyclovir, valaciclovir, famciclovir Oral Topical (labialis) 2. If severe (disseminated): IV Hospitalisation *Pregnant – prophylaxis, CS
What do you use if HSV is acyclovir resistant?
Foscarnet
What is the herpes virus?
family of double stranded linear DNA viruses
What are the different types of herpes virus?
1. Herpes simplex virus • HSV 1, 2 2. Varicella Zoster virus 3. Epstein bar virus 4. Human cytomegalovirus 5. Human herpesvirus 6 (roseola) 6. Human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi’s sarcoma)
What are is transmission for HSV-1 and HSV-2 like?
- Sexual transmission
- Mucosal / skin breaks
- Vertical transmission (M B)
What are RF for HSV1 and HSV2?
Immunosuppression
• Medications
• HIV/AIDS
What are RF for triggers of reccurence?
- Menstruation
- Stress
- Minor trauma
- Sun exposure
What is the patho of HSV like?
- Initial infection: retrograde movement
- Latency: low level expression of viral genes
- Reactivation: replication + anterograde movement
What are features of herpes labialis?
- Painful ulcers
- High fever
- Sore throat
- Pharyngeal oedema
- Myalgia
- Cervical lymphadenopathy
- If recurrent: pain, burning/tingling, vesicles
What are features of genital herpes?
- Ulceration, vesicles
- Vulva, cervix, vagina, penis shaft/glands, perineum, buttocks
- Genital pain
- Dysuria
- Fever
- Neuralgia
- Constipation, rectal pain, tenesmus, proctitis
Can you have asymptomatic spreading?
- Asymptomatic viral shedding of herpes simplex virus-1 and herpes simplex virus-2 can occur in most infected individuals. 2. risk of transmission is still much higher with contact with lesions.
