Hernia

Question 1

Umbilical hernia age group

Answer 1

Extreme ages

Question 2

Herniorrhaphy

Answer 2

Closing the defect in the strong layer of the abdomen wall

Question 3

Umbilical hernia surgery indication

Answer 3

If it still persist in children older than 4

Question 4

Complicated hernia management

Answer 4

• need ergent operation
• resuscitation of the patient
• relieve the obstruction
• if not gangrenous reduce it back
• repair the defect

Question 5

Elective hernia management

Answer 5

- pre operative 
Manage precipitating factors 
- operative treatment 
Herniotomy / herniorrhaphy / hernioplasty 
- post operative
Avoid factors lead to recurrence

Question 6

What are the differential diagnosis for inguinal hernia?

Answer 6

• encysted hydrocele of the cord
• spermatocele
• femoral hernia
• lipoma of the cord
• inguinal lymphadenopathy
• incompletely descended testicle

Question 7

Which side is the most common for inguinal hernia ?

And why

Answer 7

Right side
Because of the later descent of the right testis
And delayed obliteration of the processus vaginalis

Question 8

Hernioplasty

Answer 8

Synthetic material utilize in repairing the defect to add extra strength (mesh patch)

Question 9

What’s the most common type of hernia

Answer 9

Inguinal hernia (80%)

Question 10

The signs in strangulated hernia (5 point)

Answer 10

• absence of cough impulse
• change color of skin
• non reducible
• tense
• tender

Question 11

What’s the most common groin hernia in men and women ?

Answer 11

Indirect inguinal hernia

Question 12

What are the differential diagnosis for femoral hernia ?

Answer 12

• inguinal hernia
• saphena varix
• lipoma
• femoral aneurysm
• psoas abscess
• enlarged femoral lymph node

Question 13

What’s the most common type of ventral hernia ?

Answer 13

Incisional hernia

Question 14

Patient related risk factors for incisional hernia

Answer 14

• malnutrition / diabetes mellitus / corticosteroids

- increase intra-abdominal pressure ( ascites / chronic cough / urine obstruction)

Question 15

Hernia repair complications

Answer 15

• hematoma
• infection
• seroma
• vascular injury
• nerve injury
• visceral injury (vas deferens/bowel/ urinary bladder)

Question 16

Surgery related risk factors for incisional hernia

Answer 16

• wound infection
• closure of abdomen under tension
• type and location of incision (vertical midline more common)