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Surgery > Burns > Flashcards

Burns Flashcards

1
Q

Severity factors for chemical burns

A
  • ph of the agent
  • the concentration of the agent
  • the volume
  • the duration
  • the physical form of the agent
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2
Q

Jackson burn model areas ?

A
  • zone of coagulation
  • zone of stasis
  • zone of hyperemia
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3
Q

What’s the difference between “hypertrophic scar” and “keloids” ?

A

Hypertrophic scar do not extend beyond the boundary of the original wound

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4
Q

Mention three complications can happen to burn patients

A
  • compartment syndrome
  • infection
  • keloid formation
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5
Q

What chemical burns with “Acids” produce ?

A

Coagulative necrosis

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6
Q

How to administer the fluid?

A

Half of the volume during the t 8 hours (from the time of injury

Other half over the next 16 hours

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7
Q

How to prevent “post burn contracture”

A

Skin graft

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8
Q

Mention three lines of acute managment of the burn ?

A
  • fluid resuscitation
  • pain control
  • dressing
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9
Q

“Lichtenberg figures” on the skin caused by ?

A

Electrical injury

Lightening strike

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10
Q

How to estimate the “TBSA” ?

A

Rule of nines

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11
Q

What is the management for chemical burns ?

A

Dilution by water
2-4 hours in alkaline
30 minutes in acids

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12
Q

When you’re most likely to develop a keloid scat ?

A
  • black , latino , asian
  • younger than 30
  • pregnant
  • teenager going through puberty
  • family history of keloids
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13
Q

When “fluorescein eye examination” is mandatory ?

A

For patient with facial burns

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14
Q

What chemical burns with “alkali” produce ?

A

Liquefactive necrosis

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15
Q

What is the most common manifestation of “inhalation injury” ?

A

Upper airway swelling

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16
Q

What’s the areas more likely to get “keloid scar” in the body ?

A
  • chest
  • shoulders
  • earlobes
  • cheeks
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17
Q

Whats cause more damage and more penetration in chemical burns ?

A

Alkaline

18
Q

What’s the post burn contracture

A

the tightening of the skin after a second or third degree burn

19
Q

What more important in thermal burn

Duration or degree of temperature?

A

Duration of exposure

20
Q

Indication for extubation after “inhalation injury” ?

A
  • spontaneous breathing for at least 15-30 minutes

- adequate resolution of laryngeal edema

21
Q

What’s the management for “compartment syndrome” ?

A

Fasciotomy

22
Q

Burn injury severity according to ?

A
  • TBSA
  • depth of burn
  • patient comorbidities and age
  • coexisting traumatic injury
23
Q

What cause more damage in electrical burn, low frequency AC or high frequency AC

A

Low frequency AC

24
Q

Physical examination characteristics include what ?

A
  • signed nasal hair
  • facial burns
  • carbonaceous sputum
  • hoarseness
25
Q

What the name for the formula we use in burn “fluid resuscitation” ?

A

The parkland formula

24 hours requirement = 4 cc x TBSA% x weight in kg

26
Q

What cause the urine color black after electric shock ?

A

Myoglobin

27
Q

What’s the percentage for getting “keloid scar” in darker skin ?

A

15-20% more likely

28
Q

What cause pain in electrical burn with high voltage patient ?

A

Ischemia (compartment syndrome)

29
Q

Criteria for transfer to burn center ? (8 points)

A

Partial or full thickness burns > 10% TBSA

30
Q

What are the three categories for “inhalation injury” ?

A
  • injury above the glottis (inhalation super heated air)
  • injury below the glottis (due to smoke particles)
  • CO poisoning
31
Q

Indications for intubation after “inhalation injury” ?

A
  • swelling
  • erythema
  • soot present on examination
32
Q

Classification of thermal burn

A
  • direct flame
  • scald burn
  • contact burn
  • friction burn
33
Q

What’s the mode of inheritance in “Neurofibromatosis” ?

A

Autosomal dominant

34
Q

What cause more injury in electrical burn ?

A

AC cause more injury

than AD

35
Q

Definitive diagnosis for “inhalation injury” is made by ?

A

Direct airway examination using nasopharyngealscope

36
Q

Which fluid we should use with resuscitation?

A

(LR) Lactate Ringers solution

37
Q

If the patient was with 30% burn only 20% of it was 2nd degree , how to estimate fluid requirements in the first 24 hours?

A

4 cc x 20% x weight

Because there is no fluid loss in the 10% first degree

38
Q

Mention 3 clinical settings cause “compartment syndrome”

A
  • severe burns
  • arterial injury
  • trauma
39
Q

Cafe au late spots , associated with which disease ?

A

Neurofibromatosis

40
Q

How to best judge the adequacy of resuscitation?

A

Hourly urine output

0.5 ml/kg/h in adults) (1 ml/kg/h in children

Surgery (12 decks)

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