Heredity/Genetics Flashcards
Mutation
Causes a cell to produce an incorrect protein
Genotype
An organism’s genetic makeup
Phenotype
An organism’s appearance or visible traits
Recessive allele
Hidden whenever a dominant allele is present
Dominant allele
One whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.
Mitosis
A type of cell division in which the parent cell splits into 2 identical daughter cells.
Meisosis
A type of cell division that produces sex cells with one half the number of chromosomes as the parent cells. (4 daughter cells are produced)
Jump rope analogy
String of jump rope=DNA, a colored section of the jump rope=genes, whole jump rope=chromosomes
Explain why it is possible to have 6 girls in a family or 6 boys in a family with a 50:50 chance of having a boy or girl.
The sex of the first 5 children doesn’t affect the sex of the next child born. It is still a 50:50 chance.
Explain why male and female sex cells have only half the number of chromosomes as body cells.
Human sex cells are produced by meiosis which results in cells with half the number of chromosomes.
Explain the advantages of cross pollination to self pollination.
More variety, more diversity (genetic information from the plants are combined) and more resistance to disease.
See study guide for Homozygous and Heterzygous/Hybrid
Study guide
See study guide for Punnett squares
Study guide
