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Biology > Heredity & Genetics > Flashcards

Heredity & Genetics Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Homozygous

A

If two traits for a gene are the same

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1
Q

Define

Heterozygous

A

If two traits for a gene are different

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2
Q

Define

Dominant

A

Trait seen most often

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3
Q

Define

Recessive

A

Trait seen less often

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4
Q

Define

Alleles

A

Variation of a gene

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5
Q

Define

Pure trait

A

Trait that appears in every offspring in every generation

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6
Q

Define

Hybrid trait

A

Produced from parents with contrasting forms

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7
Q

Define

Heredity

A

Study of how traits are passed from generation to generation

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8
Q

Genetics

A

Science of heredity

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9
Q

Define

Genes

A

DNA units that control a trait

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10
Q

Genotype

A

Set of Alleles for a trait

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11
Q

Define

Phenotype

A

The trait that’s seen

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12
Q

Define

Double helix

A

Structure of DNA- twister ladder

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13
Q

Define

DNA

A

Chemical that directs heredity

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14
Q

Define

Punnet square

A

Diagram that predicts the outcome of reproduction

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15
Q

If the two traits for a gene are the same they are called

A

Homozygous

16
Q

If the traits for a gene are different they are called

A

Heterozygous

17
Q

Are dominant traits seen more or less often than recessive traits

A

They’re seen more often than recessive traits

18
Q

What is the trait that is seen in an organism called

A

Phenotype

19
Q

Offspring produced from parents with contrasting traits is called

A

Hybrid

20
Q

What explains the pattern of inheritance

A

Genetics

21
Q

All the combinations of alleles is termed

A

Genotype

22
Q

Which of me Mendals’ laws involves meiosis

A

Law of segregation

23
Q

Which of mendals’ laws involve fertilization

A

Law of recombination

24
Q

Is the dominant trait always superior to the recessive trait

A

Not always

25
Q

The two genes that control a trait separate during meiosis is the law of

A

Segregation

26
Q

During fertilization two genes unite to create the traits of an organism is the law of

A

Recombination

27
Q

The act of one trait masking the other is the law of

A

Dominance

28
Q

If mom has type O blood and dad has type B, what type will the child have

A

Type B

29
Q

If mom has type A and dad has type B, what type will the child have

A

Type AB

30
Q

If mom has type B blood and dad has type O, what type will the child have

A

Type B

31
Q

If mom has pure brown eyes and dad has pure blue, what color will the child have

A

Hybrid brown

32
Q

If mom and dad both have hybrid brown eyes what is the ratio of eye color for the children

A

3:1

33
Q

In the structure of DNA if one base is adenine the other base is

A

Thymine

34
Q

In the structure of DNA if one base is cytosine the other base is

A

Guanine

Biology (5 decks)

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