Heredity and Tissues Flashcards
What is the definition for primary tissue?
similar cells that hvae a common embryonic origin and are designed to work together to perform a particular function.
What are the differences in tissues?
They differ from one another accroding to their types of cells that are present and the matrix that surrounds these cells.
Define Matrix
composed of various fibers within a ground substance.
Define ground substance.
can be hard or semisolid or liquid. Contains water, gases, minerals, nutrients, wastes, and other chemicals.
What are the classifications of tissues?
Epithelial (covering). Muscle (movement). Connective (Support). Nervous (Control).
What is Ectoderm?
the outer layer of the embryonic tissues, that produces the epidermis and nervous system.
What is the Mesoderm?
the middle layer, under the ectoderm. It produces muscle, bone, blood, and most of the other connective tissues.
What is the Endoderm?
The inner germ under the mesoderm. Produces mucous membrances and digestive glands.
what is the organization of Epihelial Tissue?
cells that are tightly packed together with little extracellular material between them. Very little extracellular fluid between them.
What is the apical surface?
always free and exposed to a body cavity or lumen of a internal organ or an exterior body surface.
What is the Basement membrane?
It is what attaches the epithelial tissue to the underlying connective tissue.
Define Basal Lamina.
contains collagen fibers and other proteins.
Define reticular lamina.
Contains reticular fibers and other proteins.
Where is the epithelial tissue located and what are the functions?
it covers the body surfaces, lines the body cavities, and forms the secretory structure of glands to function protection, absorption, and secreation, respectively.
What do simple epithelium tissue consist of?
one layer of epithelial cells, with every cell touching the basement membrane.
What do simple squamous epithelium cells consist of?
thin flat cells, each with one central nucelus.
what is the function of a simple squamous epithelium tissue?
Diffusion,osmosis, and filtration
Where are the simple squamous epithelium tissues located?
In the lungs and kidneys
Where is the mesothelium?
It lines abdominal, pleural and pericardial cavities.
Where is the endothelium?
Lining the heart and blood vessels that emerge from the heart.
What do are the simple cuboidal epithelium tissue consist of?
squarish cells with a central spherical nucleus
What are the function and location of simple cuboidal epithelium?
They are used for absorption and secretion. They are located in the kidney tubules and the lining of the ducts of salivary glands.
What consists of the simple columnar epithelium tissues?
elongated rectangular cells with a single nucleus located near the base of the cell.
function of the simple columnar epithelium tissues.
Secretion and absorption. they goblet secret mucus.
What is the non-ciliated columnar epithelium tissue?
located in the small intestine and they contain goblet cells they secrete mucus and they consist of microvilli that may enhance absorption by increasing surface area.
What is the ciliated columnar epithelium tissue?
located in the uterine tubes that move oocytes towards the uterus once they have been released from the ovaries. Cilia beat in unison to propel the oocytes toward the uterus.
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium consist of…
cells that are of different heights they rest on the same basement membrane, but the nuclei are located at different levels so it my appear that there are multiple layers.
Function and location of pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
It secretes mucus and moves the mucus by ciliary action. located in the upper respiratory and in portions of the male reproductive tract.
How are the stratified epithelium named?
according to the cell shape in the apical layer.
Stratified squamous epithelium consist of…
multiple layers of cells and is the most widespread epithelium in the body.
function of stratified squamous epithelium
protects against pathogens, resists abrasion, and retards water loss.
Deep cuboidal and columnar cells.
they can become squamous near the apical surface.
Keratinized epithelium tissue…
it is on the skin surface and contains one layer of dear squamous cells that are filled with waterproof keratin protein.
Non-keratinized epithelium tissue..
covers tongue and lines the mouth, esophagus, anal canal, and vagina.
Stratified cuboidal epithelium consists of..
two or more layers of cube-shaped cells.
Function and location of stratified cuboidal epithelium..
protection, limited secretion, and absorption. Located in the ducts of sweat glands and in ovaries and testes.
Stratified columnar epithelium..
quite rare and found only in limited regions of the pharynx, larynz, anal canal, and male urethra.
Transitional epithelium consists of..
round or cuboidal cells that become squamous in shape as the tissue gets stretched.
function and location of transitional epithelium..
permits distension of an organ or structure. Located in the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra.
Describe Connective tissue.
the most abundant, widely distributed and variable tissue in the body.
Functions of connective tissue.
binds organs together; provides support for organs and other tissues; allows body movement; protects body from disease-causing organisms (blood); protects internal organs (bone); stores energy (adipose tissue); transports nutrients, wastes, and gases through body (blood).
