Heredity Flashcards

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1
Q

The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring

A

Heredity

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2
Q

The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred

A

Dominant Trait

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3
Q

A trait that reappears in the second generation when parents that have different traits are bred

A

Recessive Trait

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4
Q

One set of instructions for an inherited trait

A

Genes

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5
Q

One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color

A

Alleles

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6
Q

An organisms appearance or other detectable characteristic

A

Phenotype

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7
Q

The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits

A

Genotype

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8
Q

The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event

A

Probability

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9
Q

Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure

A

Homologous Chromosomes

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10
Q

A process of cell division during which the number of chromosomes decrease to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells

A

Meiosis

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11
Q

One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual

A

Sex Chromosomes

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12
Q

A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family

A

Pedigree

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13
Q

A molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live

A

DNA

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14
Q

In a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phoshate, and a nitogenous base

A

Nucleotide

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15
Q

A molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production

A

RNA

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16
Q

A change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule

A

Mutation