heredity Flashcards
observable traits
phenotype
name of the alleles
genotype
traits that are passed on from parents to offspring
heredity
segment of DNA that codes for particular trait
gene
variety of the same gene as in dimple or not dimple
alleles
babies
offspring
characteristics
traits
requires male and female gametes to reproduce offspring
sexual reproduction
does not require male and female gametes to reproduce offspring
asexual reproduction
cell division that results in two identical daughter cells
mitosis
cell division that produces sex cell,each cell is unique(different from one another)
meiosis
located in the nucleus of a cell ;it is genetic material
DNA
a chance
probability
the process by which sperm and egg combine to form an offspring
fertilization
diagram showing how male and female alleles might combine in offspring
punnett square
sex cells (egg or sperm)
gametes
a fertilized egg (2 haploids joined together)
zygote
a gene that is expressed only when there are 2 copies of the same alleles(ff)
2 copies of the same recessive alleles(small small letter: gg,ff)
Homozygous recessive
a gene that is expressed either with 1 or 2 copies of the alleles
Dominant
2 copies of the same dominant alleles ( big big letter: TT, GG, FF)
homozygous dominant
a mixed gene with one dominant allele and one recessive alleles; ie.. Tt, Gg,Ff
heterzygous
father of genetics. He experimented with pea pants
Gregor Mendel
the crossing of gene between two flowers; done by insects,human,winds)
cross polination
the crossing of genes between two animals of the same species; human involve in the breeding to select desired traits
cross breeding
a pure homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive
purebred
a mixture of two genes one dominant and one recessive
hybrid (mutt)
