heredity Flashcards
heredity
specific mechanisms by which characteristics or traits are passed from one generation to the next via genes.
dominate trait
a trait that is expressed only when genotype is homozygous;
recesive trat
a trait that is expressed only when genotype is homozygous;
genes
the scientific study of genes and heredity
alleles
one of two or more versions of DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases) at a given genomic location
phenotype
The observable characteristics in an individual resulting from the expression of genes;
genotype
the genetic makeup of an organism
probability
a measurement tool that calculates the chance or likelihood of occurrence of an event.
Meiosis
a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells.
Sex chromosomes
a type of chromosome involved in sex determination.
Pedigree
A diagram that shows relationships among family members
DNA
the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism
Nucleotide
the basic building block of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA)
Mutations
a change in the DNA sequence of an organism
. RNA
a nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA.
