Heredity Flashcards
Heredity
the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another
Dominant Trait
a trait that appears more frequently than another trait, resulting from interactions between gene alleles.
Recessive Trait
refers to the relationship between an observed trait and the two inherited versions of a gene related to that trait
Genes
one set if instructions for an inherited trait
Alleles
one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color.
Phenotype
an organisms appearance or other detectable characteristic
Genotype
the genetic constitution of an individual organism
Probability
how likely something is to happen
Meiosis
A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus which results in the production of sex cells
Sex chromosomes
a chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism, typically one of two kinds
Pedigree
the recorded ancestry, especially upper-class ancestry, of a person or family
DNA
the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms
Nucleotide
a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA
Mutations
the action or process of mutating
RNA
a nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA
