Herbal Studies Flashcards by Rhonda Albertson

________ forms a layer on the surface of mucous membranes, soothing inflammation, and protecting from invading irritants.

a. Glycosides
b. Mucilage
c. Aglycone
d. Bitters

b. Mucilage

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What type of preparation is most useful as a topical application for strained muscles, swellings, and abscesses?

a. Fomentations
b. Decoctions
c. Tinctures
d. All of the above

a. Fomentations

Fomentations are intended for external application. They can be applied either hot or cold depending on the condition. Cold fomentations can be used for sprains and bruises. Hot or warm fomentations are used for aches, pains, menstrual cramps, abscesses, and boils.

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Ointments can use which of the following as a base?

a. Lanolin
b. Oil
c. Beeswax
d. All of the above

d. All of the above

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Saponins are natural compounds that are very similar to glycosides, but can be distinguished because they dissolve in water and produce a ________.

a. golden color
b. durable foam
c. sweet aroma
d. All of the above

b. durable foam

Saponins are natural compounds that have a chemical nature very similar to glycosides. The aglycone of some saponins is a steroid substance. They can increase the permeability of membranes and cause haemolysis by destroying the membranes of red blood cells and releasing hemoglobin.

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True or False:

All botanicals require a 90% alcohol concentration to extract their active constituents in a tincture.

False

Alcohol percentages can be adjusted for different botanicals. Vegetable glycerin can also be used but it does not extract as many constituents as alcohol.

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Syrups are particularly useful for _________ mixtures, where peppermint or licorice can be added to improve the taste.

a. diarrhea
b. cough
c. flu
d. constipation

b. cough

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To understand how herbs affect the body, it is necessary to have a basic understanding of the ___________ they contain.

a. cellular structure
b. active constituents
c. relaxing properties
d. time of harvest

b. active constituents

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_________ are used for hard woody substances such as roots, barks, and stems whose constituents are water-soluble and non-volatile.

a. Tinctures
b. Elixirs
c. Decoctions
d. Infusions

c. Decoctions

Decoctions are intended for immediate use and can be store for a maximum of 72 hours in a very cool place. Decoctions extract mainly mineral salts and bitter principles.

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True or False:

Fluid extracts are generally twice the strength of a tincture and contain only small quantities of alcohol.

True

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The therapeutic margin is the dividing line between _________.

a. effectiveness and ineffectiveness
b. hot and cold
c. effectiveness and toxicity
d. natural and artificial

c. effectiveness and toxicity

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Which active constituents have studies isolated in Trifolium pratense that are known to possess estrogenic properties that can be used as a useful support during menopause?

a. Isoflavones
b. Terpenoids
c. Iridoid glycosides
d. Flavonoids

a. Isoflavones

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Which of the following should not be used during pregnancy due to its isoflavone content?

a. Arctium lappa (Burdock)
b. Plantago major (Plantain)
c. Trifolium pratense (Red clover)
d. Rumex crispus (Curly dock)

c. Trifolium pratense (Red clover)

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True or False:

Plantain is a very useful blood cleanser with a specific affinity with the kidneys, bladder, and digestive system.

True

Plantain has a wide range of medicinal uses, particularly in a first aid situation as the fresh leaves quickly relieve the itch and heat from insect bites and stings, and the styptic quality will stop bleeding of minor cuts and wounds. It is noted as specific for cystitis and bleeding hemorrhoids, particularly combined with comfrey root. It is also a very useful blood cleanser with a specific affinity with the kidneys, bladder, and digestive system.

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What is one of the common names for Trifolium pratense (red clover)?

a. Thorny bur
b. Ripplegrass
c. Cleaver grass
d. Snakeweed

c. Cleaver grass

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Which of the following is a common name for Plantago major (plantain)?

a. Trefoil
b. Snakeweed
c. Goosegrass
d. All of the above

b. Snakeweed

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Which active constituent(s) are found in Arctium lappa (burdock)?

a. Formononetin
b. Isoflavones
c. Genistein
d. Inulin

d. Inulin

Burdock contains a bitter glycoside principle called arctin, the lignan artiin, a bitter principle lappin, inulin (a polysaccharide, not to be confused with insulin), a central nervous system stimulant, flavonoids, mucilage, resin, volatile oils, lactones, tannin, and an unnamed antibiotic substance. It is also abundant in vitamin C and enzymes.

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Which of the following conditions generally occurs during puberty and is caused by the blockage of hair follicles by excessive secretion of oils from the glands?

a. Acne
b. Eczema
c. Psoriasis
d. Seborrhea

a. Acne

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The skin itches and is inflamed and red. Blisters may form, followed by oozing, crusting, and scaling. What do these symptoms describe?

a. Eczema
b. Acne
c. Psoriasis
d. Seborrhea

a. Eczema

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What effect can overuse of plantain have?

a. Laxative
b. Constipating
c. Sedating
d. None of the above

a. Laxative

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Plantago major (plantain) contains which of the these active constituents?

a. Inulin
b. Molybdenum
c. Flavonoids
d. Saponins

c. Flavonoids

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Taken before meals in small doses, ________ stimulate the appetite by promoting the flow of the digestive fluids.

a. tannins
b. saponins
c. glycosides
d. bitter principles

d. bitter principles

These are nonpoisonous substances with generally a strong, bitter, but not unpleasant, taste. Taken before meals in small doses they stimulate the appetite by promoting the flow of digestive juices. Large doses tend to reduce the appetite.

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An excessive dose of _________ can cause irritation to the stomach wall and liver damage. If a cold infusion is prepared, only a small proportion is absorbed.

a. tannins
b. saponins
c. glycosides
d. bitter principles

a. tannins

Tannin is an organic, non-nitrogenous substance that has astringent and antiviral properties. Herbs containing tannin bind albumin in the skin and mucous membranes and form a watertight protective layer, resistant to disease.

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Herbs contain medicinal chemical substances that are known as what kind of constituents?

a. Active
b. Inactive
c. Inert
d. None of the above

a. Active

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Alkaloids are naturally occurring substances that are very potent and can have poisonous effects when taken in ________ doses.

a. liquefied
b. amorphous
c. excessive
d. limited

c. excessive

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True or False: Eczema in babies often clears up with the avoidance of cow's milk and other dairy products.

True

Alterative herbs ___________. a. influence the lymphatic system b. strengthen and tone the digestive system c. purify the bloodstream d. All of the above

d. All of the above

True or False: Burdock is a valuable remedy for cystitis due to its antibiotic properties coupled with its diuretic action.

True

Inflammation of the sebaceous glands with recurring blackheads, whiteheads, and pimples are symptoms of which condition? a. Psoriasis b. Eczema c. Acne d. Seborrhea

c. Acne

Nasturtium officinale belongs to which family? a. Lamiaceae b. Brassicaceae c. Apiaceae d. Polygonaceae

b. Brassicaceae

True or False: Fennel is usually grown from seed and cultivated for its edible leaf bases, as a culinary condiment, and for its medicinal properties.

True

What is the most common name for Rumex acetosa? a. Spinach dock b. Florence fennel c. Poor man's bread d. Basil

a. Spinach dock

The following is true about fennel: a. It is an excellent stomach and intestinal remedy. b. It exhibits calming effect in bronchitis. c. It increases milk flow in nursing mothers. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above

True or False: Sorrel is primarily used for acute and chronic inflammation of the nasal passages and respiratory tracts, and in combination with antibacterial therapy.

True

Which nutritive herb is indicated for boils, bronchitis, eczema, fevers, hemorrhage, mouth ulcers, skin infection, sores, and sore throats?

Sorrel - Rumex acetosa

Nasturtium officinale is the Latin binomial for the herb with this common name. a. Poor man's bread b. Lion's tooth c. Happiness bark d. White man's foot

a. Poor man's bread

This herb is a great example of a common culinary herb that is also a nutritive herb. a. Parsley b. Fennel c. Chamomile d. Red Raspberry

a. Parsley

This herb can be categorized into types based on aroma and flavors such as Anise, cinnamon, clove, lemon, or sweet. a. Dandelion b. Watercress c. Sorrel d. Basil

d. Basil

Traditionally, this herb was used to address abdominal cramps, improve digestion, and stimulate milk production in lactating mothers. a. Basil b. Fennel c. Sorrel d. Dill

b. Fennel

There are two types of this nutritive herb: bitter and sweet. a. Fenugreek b. Stinging nettle c. Fennel d. Alfalfa

c. Fennel

Use an extract prepared from the seeds of this herb for tuberculosis. a. Basil b. Fennel c. Sorrel d. Watercress

a. Basil

To combat constipation, you should drink a. at least 34-oz of water throughout the day. b. at least 64-oz of water throughout the day. c. no more than 34-oz of water throughout the day. d. no more than 64-oz of water throughout the day.

b. at least 64-oz of water throughout the day.

It is important to have a bowel movement a. once a day. b. as often as regular meals are eaten. c. three times a week. d. every other day.

b. as often as regular meals are eaten.

True or False: Watercress should be taken in large amounts.

False

Ocimum basilicum belongs to which family? a. Lamiaceae b. Brassicaceae c. Apiaceae d. Polygonaceae

a. Lamiaceae

What nutritive herb is indicated for colic in young children and babies, constipation, cramps, eye complaints, fevers, flatulence, indigestion, rheumatism, stomach cramps, and stomach pains?

Fennel - Foeniculum vulgare

What is one of the common names for Foeniculum vulgare? a. Garden sorrel b. St. Joseph wort c. Scurvy grass d. Bitter fennel

d. Bitter fennel

This herb is found almost everywhere in the world and is an invasive seed in 45 crops in 70 countries. a. Fennel b. Alfalfa c. Sorrel d. Basil

c. Sorrel

Watercress is best used ________. Collect in the spring, both before and during flowering.

fresh, uncooked, raw

True or False: A glass of warm water with lemon juice can be taken first thing in the morning to help flush out the bowel.

True

True or False Fennel can cause photodermatitis.

True

For sinusitis use 50 drops of a commercial tincture called Sinupret containing this herb. a. Ocimum basillicum b. Foeniculum vulgare c. Rumex acetosa d. Nasturtium officinale

c. Rumex acetosa

True or False: Basil is not safe to use during pregnancy, or in amounts larger than that usually used as a spice in cooking.

True Basil is contraindicated during pregnancy, nursing or with infants or toddlers, or for extended periods of time in amounts higher than that used as a spice.

True or False: Nutritive herbs can be used in the daily diet to provide important vitamins and minerals.

True

Which of these has a reputation as a "cure-all" and as an extremely effective remedy for infectious complaints and blood disorders? a. Red clover b. Yellow dock c. Burdock d. Garlic

d. Garlic

The peculiar, penetrating odor of garlic is due to what active constituent? a. Allicin b. Allinase c. Diallyl disulfide d. Chrysophanic acid

c. Diallyl disulfide

Which parasite can be contracted by eating undercooked meat? a. Pinworms b. Tapeworms c. Roundworms d. Hookworms

b. Tapeworms

True or False: Laxative herbs can be combined with anthelmintics to improve their expelling action.

True

Which of the following parasites can be transmitted via direct contact with dogs or cats? a. Pinworms b. Tapeworms c. Roundworms d. Hookworms

c. Roundworms

The larvae of which parasite burrow into the skin of bare feet, and then make their way into the bloodstream? a. Pinworms b. Tapeworms c. Roundworms d. Hookworms

d. Hookworms

High doses of Allium sativum may interfere with the effectiveness of which types of existing therapies? a. Hypoglycemic, anticoagulant b. Hyperglycemic, anticoagulant c. Antithrombotic, hyperglycemic d. Anticoagulant, antithrombotic

a. Hypoglycemic, anticoagulant

True or False: Garlic has a reputation as a botanical support for cancer, particularly breast cancer and cancer of the esophagus.

False

Which of the following worms usually affect children but can quickly spread to the whole family? a. Pinworms b. Tapeworms c. Roundworms d. Hookworms

a. Pinworms

Which of the following will keep the intestinal tract healthy and free of parasites with regular use? a. Artemesia absinthium b. Hyssopus Officinalis c. Allium sativum d. All of the above.

c. Allium sativum

What is one of the common names for Glycyrrhiza glabra? a. Garden sorrel b. Fairy flax c. Scurvy grass d. Licorice root

d. Licorice root

Which of the following is a gentle laxative that softens mucous membranes, cleaning out mucus and catarrh, modifies the actions of the stronger herbal laxatives, and has also been shown useful in healing ulcers? a. Glycyrrhiza glabra b. Taraxacum officinale c. Cassia acutifolia d. Linum usitatissimum

a. Glycyrrhiza glabra

Which of the following herbs cause copious watery stools and remove large quantities of serum and water from the intestinal tract, which might lead to dehydration? a. Aperients b. Hydrogogues c. Drastics d. Cathartics

b. Hydrogogues

________ is relatively safe, but excessive doses can deplete the body of potassium and cause retention of sodium. Avoid large doses over a prolonged period and ensure that potassium intake is increased. (You can use common or Latin name here.)

Licorice | Glycyrrhiza glabra

True or False: Hydrogogue herbs are mild in action and produce soft stools without pain or irritation.

False Hydrogogue herbs are very strong drastics and cause copious watery stools and remove large quantities of serum and water from the intestinal tract. Aperients cause moderate peristalsis and produce soft stools without pain or irritation.

The sugars in glycyrrhizin found in ________ are a natural form of glucose and when combined with goldenseal have a stimulating and beneficial effect on the pancreas. Glycyrrhizin acid is known to inhibit Epstein Barr virus and protect the liver. Studies have shown it is active against viruses, including herpes simplex virus. (You can use the common or Latin name here.)

Licorice | Glycyrrhiza glabra

What is one of the common names for Linum usitatissimum? a. Linseed b. Liquorice c. Scurvy grass d. Bitter fennel

a.Linseed

________ herbs are generally used for small children, the elderly, or very weak people. Their action is mild and slow. a. Aperient b. Hydrogogue c. Drastic d. Cathartic

a. Aperient

These herbs can be used as substitutes for cathartic herbs, such as licorice or flaxseed: a. barberry, cascara sagrada, and chamomile b. elder root and bark, garlic, and gentian c. horehound, pansy, and raspberry d. all of the above

d. all of the above

True or False: The symptoms for diverticulitis can mirror or mask symptoms for colon cancer.

True

What is a common name for Allium sativum? a. Gobo root b. Beggar's treacle c. Poor man's button d. Garlic

d. Garlic

The whole plant of this herb contains a volatile essential oil, phenolic acids, marrubin, and the glycoside disomine. The herb is best known for its diaphoretic action, making it useful for all coughs and colds. An infusion of this herb is also an effective anthelmintic. a. Artemisia absinthium b. Allium sativum c. Hyssopus officinalis d. Cucurbita pepo

c. Hyssopus officinalis

Which herb is effective at expelling both round and tapeworms, acts as a diuretic, and is useful for urinary trouble? There is a special amino acid in this herb that is responsible for the anthelmintic properties. a. Artemisia absinthium b. Allium sativum c. Hyssopus Officinalis d. Cucurbita pepo

d. Cucurbita pepo

Which herb is not only an alterative herb but is also an extremely useful anthelmintic? a. Artemesia absinthium b. Cucurbita pepo c. Urtica dioica d. Allium sativum

d. Allium sativum

Castor oil and hedge hyssop are examples of herbs with which of the following therapeutic actions? a. Aperient b. Hydrogogue c. Drastic d. Cathartic

c. Drastic

Which of the following has a similar action to senna, but does not have the tendency to cause griping to the same extent? a. Foeniculum vulgare b. Taraxacum officinale c. Cassia acutifolia d. Linum usitatissimum

d. Linum usitatissimum

________ herbs can cause violent peristalsis and watery stools, accompanied by severe griping pain, They irritate the mucous membrane and will weaken it by causing a loss of serum from the walls of the intestine. a. Aperient b. Hydrogogue c. Drastic d. Cathartic

c. Drastic

Which of the following herbs cause active peristalsis and stimulate the glandular secretions of the intestines? Bowel movements are usually semi-fluid and may be accompanied by some irritation and griping. a. Aperient b. Hydrogogue c. Drastic d. Cathartic

d. Cathartic

True or False: Psyllium seeds, particularly the dark seeds Plantago psyllium, are a very effective remedy in all ailments of the small intestine or colon.

True

The larvae of which of the following parasites migrate through the lungs, causing initial symptoms of a cough, wheezing, and fever? a. Pinworms b. Tapeworms c. Roundworms d. Hookworms

c. Roundworms

The most common symptoms of this parasite are itching around the anus and disturbed sleep, particularly in children. The female worms, about 12 mm long, emerge from the rectum at night to deposit their eggs, causing itching. a. Pinworms b. Tapeworms c. Roundworms d. Hookworms

a. Pinworms

Examples of this class of herbs are greater celandine and dwarf elder root. a. Aperient b. Hydrogogue c. Drastic d. Cathartic

b. Hydrogogue

True or False: Hydrogogues are very strong drastic herbs that cause copious watery stools and remove large quantities of serum and water from the intestinal tract. They are generally seldom used because of their harsh action.

True

True or False: Aperient herbs are generally used for small children, the elderly, or very weak people.

True

Which parasite can be contracted by eating undercooked meat? a. Pinworms b. Tapeworms c. Roundworms d. Hookworms

b. Tapeworms

What is one of the common names for Glycyrrhiza glabra? a. Garden sorrel b. Fairy flax c. Scurvy grass d. Licorice root

d. Licorice root

Cramping pain, nausea, diarrhea, pelvic tenderness, backache, headache, and pelvic tenderness are characteristic of which of the following? a. PMS b. Leucorrhea c. Menopause d. Dysmenorrhea

d. Dysmenorrhea

True or False: Emmenagogue herbs can be combined with stimulants, nervines, demulcents, and emollients.

True

The active constituents of feverfew include all of the following EXCEPT for what? a. Alkaloids b. Camphor c. Terpenes d. Pyrethrins

a. Alkaloids

You can use two to five leaves of which herb daily in a salad or sandwich with butter for premenstrual tension and migraine? a. Evening primrose b. Feverfew c. Ginger d. Motherwort

b. Feverfew

Which of the following is helpful for dysmenorrhea? a. Ten days before menstruation, increase calcium supplementation up to 1000-mg and magnesium up to 500-mg. b. Douche with diluted propolis tincture, 60 drops to 0.5-cup boiled cooled water. c. Infusions of the following herbs: chamomile, catnip, ginger, hops, motherwort, peppermint, red raspberry, shepherd's purse, and valerian. d. Both a and c are helpful.

d. Both a and c are helpful.

Which of the following protocols is helpful for vaginal thrush? a. Massage to the lower back and cold and hot compresses will increase circulation in the area and reduce congestion. b. Douche with diluted propolis tincture, 60 drops to 0.5-cup boiled cooled water. c. Infusions of the following herbs: chamomile, catnip, ginger, hops, motherwort, peppermint, red raspberry, shepherd's purse, and valerian. d. Nervines will help overcome depression and anxiety such as avena (oats), borage, chamomile, mistletoe, passionflower, St. John's wort, valerian, and vervain.

b. Douche with diluted propolis tincture, 60 drops to 0.5-cup boiled cooled water.

Which herb is high in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and linoleic acid (LA), along with oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid? a. Ginger b. Feverfew c. Red raspberry d. Evening primrose

d. Evening primrose

What is the name of the organism that usually lives in balance in the digestive tract but can sometimes overgrown and cause local or systemic problems? a. Escherichia coli b. Lactobacillus acidophilus c. Candida albicans d. Bifidobacterium

c. Candida albicans

What herb has historically been used to reduce the amount of nausea and morning sickness in pregnant women, although some authorities now caution against its use in high-risk pregnancies? a. Evening primrose b. Red raspberry c. Feverfew d. Ginger

d. Ginger

What is the function of an emmenagogue? a. To promote and normalize menstrual flow b. To cleanse and tone the whole reproduction area d. To alleviate painful cramping during menstruation d. All of the above

d. All of the above

A deficiency of which nutrient leads to wrinkles and aging skin? a. A, C, E, F b. Biotin, folic acid, iron c. Bioflavonoids, C d. B6, zinc

a. A, C, E, F

What nutritional requirement is lacking if one has coarse, brittle hair? a. zinc b. magnesium c. iodine d. folic acid

a. zinc

A deficiency of which nutrient leads to pale skin? a. A, C, E, F b. Biotin, folic acid, iron c. Bioflavonoids, C d. B6, zinc

b. Biotin, folic acid, iron

True or False: The hands, ears, and eyes contain a reflex map of the body.

True

If you have hang nails, you may be deficient in all of the following EXCEPT: a. folic acid b. vitamin C c. iron d. protein

c. iron

What is a useful technique for addressing minor imbalances in the body? a. iridology b. reflexology c. dermatology d. healing crisis

b. reflexology

True or False: An increased pulse can indicate the presence of allergies.

True

Acne can be due to a deficiency of all the following EXCEPT: a. calcium b. zinc c. vitamin C d. vitamin A

a. calcium

What is normal body temperature? a. 92.6 b. 95.6 c. 98.6 d. 101.6

c. 98.6

A deficiency of which nutrient(s) will contribute to dandruff? a. B2 b. B2, B6, zinc, magnesium c. Folic acid, pantothenic acid, P.A.B.A., inositol d. A. zinc, iodine, lecithin

b. B2, B6, zinc, magnesium

What is menopause? a. Twelve consecutive months without a period b. An estrogen deficiency disease c. A natural life transition d. A and C but not B

d. A and C but not B

Which of the following herbs is in the Asteraceae (formerly Compositae) family? a. Ginger b. Feverfew c. Red raspberry d. Evening primrose

b. Feverfew

Which emmenagogue herb is also a tonic for the heart? a. Motherwort b. Blue cohosh c. Red raspberry d. Ginger

a. Motherwort

Which of the following herbs is classified as generally safe to use during pregnancy? a. Motherwort b. Blue cohosh c. Red raspberry d. Ginger

c. Red raspberry

Which of the following can be a cause of Candida overgrowth? a. Lowered immunity b. Weakened or overworked adrenals c. Taking prolonged courses of antibiotic drugs d. All of the above

d. All of the above

When you are on a health improvement program your body may be more sensitive and susceptible to which of the following? a. Viruses b. Bacteria c. Nutrients d. Food additives

d. Food additives

A deficiency of which nutrient leads to greasy dermatitis, red skin on knees, or infant dermatitis? a. A, C, E, F b. B6, PABA, zinc c. Bioflavonoids, C d. B6, zinc

d. B6, zinc

An increased temperature can indicate all of the following conditions EXCEPT: a. infection b. hyperthyroid c. excess hormones d. hypothyroid

d. hypothyroid

If you have oily skin and white heads, what deficiency might you have? a. calcium b. niacin c. Vitamin B6 d. vitamin B2

d. vitamin B2

A deficiency of which nutrient(s) will contribute to oily hair? a. B2 b. B2, B6, zinc, magnesium c. Folic acid, pantothenic acid, P.A.B.A., inositol d. A, zinc, iodine, lecithin

a. B2

A deficiency of which nutrient leads to subcutaneous bleeding and bruising easily? a. A, C, E, F b. B6, PABA, zinc c. Bioflavonoids, C d. B6, zinc

c. Bioflavonoids, C

True or False: The average pulse in a female is 50-90 beats per minute.

True

What is traditionally used throughout pregnancy to help reduce premature pains? a. Red raspberry leaf infusion b. Feverfew tincture c. Evening primrose tea d. Ginger poultice

a. Red raspberry leaf infusion

Which herb is less likely to cause problems during pregnancy? a. Motherwort b. Blue cohosh c. Red raspberry d. Ginger

c. Red raspberry

Herbs that may work by helping to balance hormone levels contain which of the following? a. Minerals b. Vitamins c. Phytoestrogens d. Tannins

c. Phytoestrogens

What kind of symptoms can lie dormant until the body is strong and vital enough to cope with the healing? a. Acute b. Serious c. Chronic d. Bothersome

c. Chronic

For holistic healing to take place, we must do all of the following EXCEPT: a. identify b. correct c. eliminate d. treat

d. treat

A deficiency of which nutrients will contribute to graying hair? a. B2 b. B2, B6, zinc, magnesium c. Folic acid, pantothenic acid, P.A.B.A., inositol d. A, zinc, iodine, lecithin

c. Folic acid, pantothenic acid, P.A.B.A., inositol

True or False: After menopause, a woman's body stops producing estrogen.

False

Which herb is known as "housewives aspirin" and is also well known for the relief it gives migraine sufferers? a. Ginger b. Feverfew c. Red raspberry d. Evening primrose

b. Feverfew

What foods should be eliminated from the diet in order to restrict the growth of yeast? a. Sugar b. Dried fruits and fruit juice c. Bread and yeast extracts d. All of the above

d. all of the above

Once you have embarked on a healthier and more positive lifestyle, you may find you initially experience more illness than previously. What is this phenomenon called? a. reflexology b. healing crisis c. iridology d. dermatology

b. healing crisis

A deficiency of which nutrient(s) will contribute to dry hair? a. B2 b. B2, B6, zinc, magnesium c. Folic acid, pantothenic acid, P.A.B.A., inositol d. A. zinc, iodine, lecithin

d. A. zinc, iodine, lecithin

The effects of ginger include all of the following EXCEPT what? a. Hypoglycemic b. Hypocholesterolemic c. Astringent d. Gastroprotective

c. Astringent

The leaves of which herb contain fragine, which has a relaxing effect on the uterine and pelvic area, and tannic acid, which accounts for the astringent action? a. Motherwort b. Blue cohosh c. Red raspberry d. Ginger

c. Red raspberry

Which of the following protocols is supportive during menopause? a. Massage to the lower back and cold and hot compresses will increase circulation in the area and reduce congestion. b. Douche with diluted propolis tincture, 60 drops to half a cup of boiled cooled water. c. Infusions of the following herbs: chamomile, catnip, ginger (particularly effective), hops, motherwort, peppermint, red raspberry, shepherd's purse, and valerian. d. To overcome anxiety and depression, nervines such as avena (oats), borage, chamomile, mistletoe, passionflower, St. John's wort, valerian, and vervain will help.

d. To overcome anxiety and depression, nervines such as avena (oats), borage, chamomile, mistletoe, passionflower, St. John's wort, valerian, and vervain will help.

Which of the following herbs is in the Rosaceae family? a. Ginger b. Feverfew c. Red raspberry d. Evening primrose

c. Red raspberry

What is the Latin binomial or scientific name for bearberry? a. Galium aparine b. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi c. Carum petroselinum d. Juniper communis

b. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

What is the Latin binomial or scientific name for a high desert plant found in the Western United States? a. Barosma betulina b. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi c. Carum petroselinum d. Juniper communis

d. Juniper communis

True or False: Most commercial essential oil of Juniper is a by-product in the manufacture of gin and other spirits.

True

What is the Latin binomial or scientific name for parsley? a. Galium aparine b. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi c. Carum petroselinum d. Juniper communis

c. Carum petroselinum

Which diuretic herb has the chief constituent arbutin, which breaks down in the gastric fluid to form hydroquinone, which is a disinfectant? a. Juniper b. Parsley c. Buchu d. Uva ursi

d. Uva ursi

What does Rumex crispus stimulate and what is it often combined with? a. Pancreas, Dandelion b. Liver, Burdock c. Bladder, Burdock d. Liver, Dandelion

d. Liver, Dandelion

What category of diuretic herbs is capable of dissolving calculi, stones or gravel in the kidneys?

Lithotriptic

True or False: Uva ursi will disinfect the urinary tract. Its effectiveness is enhanced if the urine is acid.

False

Which herb is best known for its liver strengthening and cleansing action and is one of the most effective herbs for inducing a healthy flow of bile and gastric juices?

Dandelion

As with all herbs high in ________, prolonged and excessive use of uva ursi is inadvisable, as liver damage can result.

tannin or tannins

______'s antiseptic and disinfectant actions are particularly valuable, as it does not irritate the mucus membrane as carbolic acid does.

Thyme

Which herb has a number of cultivated varieties including lemon, orange, silver, caraway, and pennyroyal? a. Sage b. Chamomile c. Thyme d. Yarrow

c. Thyme

Which diaphoretic is also a powerful antiseptic? a. Chamomile b. Sage c. Thyme d. Spearmint

c. Thyme

In which condition is bed rest advisable? a. asthma b. sinusitis c. hay fever d. common cold

d. common cold

True or False: Diaphoretics can be combined with most herbs.

True

Diaphoretics can be combined with _______, such as cayenne, ginger, and mustard to increase the diaphoretic action. a. nervines b. stimulants c. cathartics d. emmenagogues

b. stimulants

The condition which is caused by a variety of viruses is: a. asthma b. sinusitis c. hay fever d. common cold

d. common cold

The correct Latin binomial or scientific name for yarrow is: a. Achillea Officinalis b. Achillea millefolium c. Matricaria recutita d. Salvia officinalis

b. Achillea millefolium

Diaphoretics should not be used with ________ herbs, as the two actions would result in an excessive loss of fluid.

cathartic

________ is a popular culinary herb with a mild but effective diaphoretic action that makes it suitable for infants, young children, and very weak clients.

Spearmint

In which way do lithotriptic herbs act? a. By preventing the formation of calculi b. By improving the blood circulation to the kidneys c. By dissolving calculi, stones or gravel in the kidneys d. By stimulating the kidney cells to excrete more urine

c. By dissolving calculi, stones or gravel in the kidneys

When using diuretics, a ________ herb should be added if there is any evidence of pain or inflammation.

demulcent

What is an infection in the bladder known as? a. Cystitis b. Prostatitis c. Prostate enlargement d. Pyelonephritis

a. Cystitis

________ berries are specific for fluid retention associated with heart problems.

Juniper

Fresh raw ________ juice is a specific tonic for the adrenal glands and is a powerful tonic to the whole nervous and circulatory systems. Again, take only small doses, preferably mixed with carrot and celery juices, and do not use the concentrated juice if the kidneys are inflamed.

parsley

True or False: The fastest diuretic action will occur when the herbs are taken with meals followed by gentle exercise such as walking.

False

True or False: Diaphoretics can be helpful when combined with cathartic herbs.

False

________, when used hot, will raise the body's temperature and produce perspiration by opening the pores of the skin. This diaphoretic action plus its antiviral action makes it an excellent remedy for feverish colds. It combines well with elderflowers and peppermint.

Yarrow

If any of the diaphoretic herbs we study are not available, which of the following herbs have a diaphoretic action? a. peppermint b. catnip c. echinacea d. all of the above

d. all of the above

True or False: Of the diaphoretics we studied, only yarrow is also a cholagogue.

True

The addition of a relaxing ________ such as lemon balm, peppermint, or valerian, will help to relax tissues, open the pores, and assist the expelling action. a. nervine b. stimulant c. cathartic d. emmenagogue

a. nervine

The condition which is caused by a variety of viruses is: a. asthma b. sinusitis c. hay fever d. common cold

d. common cold

Diuretic herbs have a specific influence on which system? a. Urinary b. Integumentary c. Muscular d. Lymphatic

a. Urinary

This occurs mainly in women and is usually caused by an ascending infection from the vagina through the urethra. It often occurs following particularly strenuous sexual intercourse, known as honeymoon ________. It may also be caused by infected urine sent from the kidneys to the bladder.

cystitis

Which of the following herbs is an excellent diuretic because of its high potassium content? a. Juniper b. Parsley c. Cleavers d. Uva ursi

b. Parsley

The use of juniper can cause the urine to turn which color? a. Red b. Green c. Violet d. Clear

c. Violet

What is the Latin name for the common culinary herb that has plain-leafed, curly-leafed, broad-leafed, and Italian varieties? a. Barosma betulina b. Arctostaphyhylos uva-ursi c. Carum petroselinum d. Juniper communis

c. Carum petroselinum

True or False: Diuretic herbs act in two main ways: Stimulate the kidney cells to excrete more urine; and improve the blood circulation to the kidneys.

True

The use of uva ursi can cause the urine to turn which color? a. Red b. Greenish brown c. Violet d. Clear

b. Greenish brown

In which way do antilithic herbs act? a. By preventing the formation of calculi b. By improving the blood circulation to the kidneys c. By dissolving calculi, stones, or gravel in the kidneys d. By stimulating the kidney cells to excrete more urine

a. By preventing the formation of calculi

This herb is common at the seashore, high desert, fields, and cities, and is also called milfoil. a. Sage b. Chamomile c. Thyme d. Yarrow

d. Yarrow

Which diaphoretic herb is NOT contraindicated during pregnancy? a. Yarrow b. Thyme c. Sage d. Spearmint

d. Spearmint

Which diaphoretic herb is also a powerful antiseptic? a. Chamomile b. Sage c. Thyme d. Spearmint

c. Thyme

Diaphoretic herbs induce or promote ________.

perspiration

Fluctuating levels in estrogen and progesterone is a possible cause of which condition? a. Cystitis b. Premenstrual fluid retention c. Prostate problems d. Pyelonephritis

b. Premenstrual fluid retention

Which diaphoretic herb also has an antitussive action that makes it very useful for bronchitis? a. Spearmint b. Thyme c. Sage d. Chamomile

b. Thyme

Diaphoretics can be helpful when: a. the pores are closed. b. the blood is overloaded with toxins. c. there is a fever. d. all of the above.

d. all of the above.

Which diaphoretic is also a styptic, making it helpful for hemorrhoids? a. Yarrow b. Sage c. Chamomile d. Thyme

a. Yarrow

Dandelion roots are best collected at what time of the year to ensure the highest yield of taraxacin and inulin? a. Early spring b. Late fall and summer c. Middle of winter d. Early spring and late fall

d. Early spring and late fall

________ stimulate the appetite, aid digestion by stimulating the production of hydrochloric acid, and increase the flow of urine. Its stimulating diuretic action makes it a useful herb for congestion of the kidneys and fluid retention associated with heart problems.

Juniper berries

Which of the following diuretic herbs is safe to use during pregnancy? a. Juniper b. Parsley c. Uva ursi d. None of the above

d. None of the above

Which herbs cleanse the blood and stimulate, tone, and regulate the elimination organs? a. Nutritive herbs b. Alterative herbs c. Cathartic herbs d. Expectorant herbs

b. Alterative herbs

Which herbs can be used daily in the diet to provide important vitamins and minerals? a. Diaphoretic herbs b. Astringent herbs c. Nutritive herbs d. Anthelmintic herbs

c. Nutritive herbs

Which herbs expel or kill parasites or worms? a. Cathartic herbs b. Anthelmintic herbs c. Diuretic herbs d. Demulcent herbs

b. Anthelmintic herbs

Which herbs work as a laxative and speed up intestinal evacuation? a. Cathartic herbs b. Anthelmintic herbs c. Diuretic herbs d. Demulcent herbs

a. Cathartic herbs

Which herbs have a specific influence on the female reproductive system? a. Demulcent herbs b. Diaphoretic herbs c. Diuretic herbs d. Emmenagogue herbs

d. Emmenagogue herbs

Which herbs have a specific influence on the urinary system? a. Demulcent herbs b. Diaphoretic herbs c. Diuretic herbs d. Emmenagogue herbs

c. Diuretic herbs

Which herbs induce or promote perspiration? a. Demulcent herbs b. Diaphoretic herbs c. Diuretic herbs d. Emmenagogue herbs

b. Diaphoretic herbs

Which herbs soothe, soften, and help heal any irritation of the mucus membranes? a. Demulcent herbs b. Diaphoretic herbs c. Diuretic herbs d. Emmenagogue herbs

a. Demulcent herbs

Which herbs assist the discharge of mucus and phlegm from the lungs? a. Astringent herbs b. Demulcent herbs c. Expectorant herbs d. Alterative herbs

c. Expectorant herbs

Which herbs contract soft organic tissues and stop or reduce discharge of blood and/or mucus? a. Expectorant herbs b. Astringent herbs c. Demulcent herbs d. Alterative herbs

b. Astringent herbs

Which of the following herbs are alternatives? a. Licorice and flaxseed b. Pumpkin seeds, hyssop, and garlic c. Fennel, sorrel, sweet basil, and watercress d. Plantain, red clover, and burdock

d. Plantain, red clover, and burdock

Which of the following herbs are nutritives? a. Pumpkin seeds, hyssop, and garlic b. Plantain, red clover, and burdock c. Fennel, sorrel, sweet basil, and watercress d. Licorice and flaxseed

c. Fennel, sorrel, sweet basil, and watercress

Which of the following herbs are anthelmintics? a. Elecampane and mouse ear hawkweed b. Licorice and flaxseed c. Pumpkin seeds, hyssop, and garlic d. Dandelion, parsley, juniper berry, and uva ursi

c. Pumpkin seeds, hyssop, and garlic

Which of the following herbs are cathartics? a. Pumpkin seeds, hyssop, and garlic b. Licorice and flaxseed c. Dandelion, parsley, juniper berry, and uva ursi d. Yarrow, thyme, and spearmint

b. Licorice and flaxseed

Which of the following herbs are emmenagogues? a. Yarrow, thyme, and spearmint b. Mullein, slippery elm, marshmallow, and aloe vera c. Evening primrose, feverfew, ginger, motherwort, and red raspberry d. Dandelion, parsley, juniper berry, and uva ursi

c. Evening primrose, feverfew, ginger, motherwort, and red raspberry

Which of the following herbs are diuretics? a. Yarrow, thyme, and spearmint b. Dandelion, parsley, juniper berry, and uva ursi c. Mullein, slippery elm, marshmallow, and aloe vera d. Elecampane and mouse ear hawkweed

b. Dandelion, parsley, juniper berry, and uva ursi

Which of the following herbs are diaphoretics? a. Pumpkin seeds, hyssop, and garlic b. Licorice and flaxseed c. Dandelion, parsley, juniper berry, and uva ursi d. Yarrow, thyme, and spearmint

d. Yarrow, thyme, and spearmint

Which of the following herbs are demulcents? a. Yarrow, thyme, and spearmint b. Dandelion, parsley, juniper berry, and uva ursi c. Mullein, slippery elm, marshmallow, and aloe vera d. Elecampane and mouse ear hawkweed

c. Mullein, slippery elm, marshmallow, and aloe vera

Which of the following herbs are expectorants? a. Yarrow, thyme, and spearmint b. Dandelion, parsley, juniper berry, and uva ursi c. Mullein, slippery elm, marshmallow, and aloe vera d. Elecampane and mouse ear hawkweed

d. Elecampane and mouse ear hawkweed

Which of the following herbs are astringents? a. Pumpkin seeds, hyssop, and garlic b. Fumitory, witch hazel, shepherd's purse, and rosemary c. Dandelion, parsley, juniper berry, and uva ursi d. Yarrow, thyme, and spearmint

b. Fumitory, witch hazel, shepherd's purse, and rosemary

True or False: Emollient describes demulcent herbs that can be used externally on the skin.

True

Slippery elm can be used ________ as food for sickly children or convalescing people. a. infrequently b. carefully c. externally d. internally

internally

True or False: The term emollient refers to herbs that are used internally to soothe, soften and help heal mucous membrane irritation.

False

The flowers of which herb can be infused into an oil and used for earache? a. mullein b. aloe vera c. slipper elm d. marshmallow

a. mullein

The German Commission E Monographs states which of the following demulcent herbs can delay the absorption of other drugs if they are taken simultaneously? a. Aloe vera b. Marshmallow c. Chickweed d. Comfrey

b. Marshmallow

What is the Latin name of marshmallow? a. Aloe barbadenis b. Althaea rosea c. Althaea officinalis d. Ulmus fulva

c. Althaea officinalis

What herb does this sentence describe: "It has a reputation as a great herbal pain killer and it will calm and soothe inflamed nerves."

mullein

Which demulcent can be used as a poultice, a gruel, a decoction, or an infusion? a. mullein b. aloe vera c. slippery elm d. marshmallow

c. slippery elm

True or False: Demulcents can be combined with most other herbs.

True

Which demulcent herb has an affinity for the respiratory system? a. mullein b. aloe vera c. slippery elm d. marshmallow

a. mullein

What herb's essential oil has demonstrated antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes? a. Fumitory b. Rosemary c. Shepherd's Purse d. Witch Hazel

b. Rosemary

The astringent herb that contains the alkaloid fumarine along with fumaric acid is a. Rosemary b. Cranesbill c. Fumitory d. Witch hazel

c. Fumitory

Which herb combined with plantain can be used as a gargle for mouth ulcers? a. Witch hazel b. Rosemary c. Fumitory d. Shepherd's purse

a. Witch hazel

Which of the following is classified as an alternative astringent? a. Wintergreen b. Sage c. Black tea d. All of the above

d. All of the above

True or False: Some astringents are also effective in toning the skin and glands and will help to reduce excessive perspiration.

True

Anal itching is a symptom of which ailment? a. Arteriosclerosis b. Hemorrhoids c. Hypertension or high blood pressure d. Varicose veins

b. Hemorrhoids

Bluish swelling of the legs is a symptom of which ailment? a. Hemorrhoids b. Arteriosclerosis c. Hypertension or high blood pressure d. Varicose veins

d. Varicose veins

Which of the following astringents should not be used during pregnancy? a. Rosemary b. Cranesbill c. Fumitory d. Witch hazel

a. Rosemary

What herb is used for alopecia? a. Fumitory b. Witch hazel c. Shepherd's purse d. Rosemary

d. Rosemary

Astringent herbs depend on which constituents for their astringent action? a. tannin b. mucilage c. gallic acid d. both a and c

d. both a and c

Which of the following, in solution will coat the mucous membranes, do demulcent herbs contain? a. Bitter principles b. Astringent c. Adaptogenic d. Mucilaginous

d. Mucilaginous

The juice of which herb should not be used during pregnancy: a. Chickweed b. Marshmallow c. Aloe vera d. Mullein

c. Aloe vera

________'s high mucilage content not only soothes and heal irritated and inflamed mucous membrane, but will absorb excess mucus accumulated in the respiratory passages.

Slippery elm

When herbs are powerful enough to stop bleeding, they are called... a. astringents b. tannins c. styptics d. blood thinners

c. styptics

What herb’s essential oil has demonstrated antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes? a. Fumitory b. Rosemary c. Shepherd's Purse d. Witch Hazel

b. Rosemary

The bark of which astringent herb is considered to have a more powerful action due to the presence of hamamelitannin? a. witch hazel b. shepherd's purse c. cranesbill d. fumitory

a. witch hazel

True or False: A large dose of fumitory will have an expectorant and diuretic action.

False

The astringent herb that contains the alkaloid fumarine along with fumaric acid is a. rosemary b. cranesbill c. fumitory d. witch hazel

c. fumitory

True or False: The stronger astringents will stop excessive discharges from the intestines, as in diarrhea.

True

What are the toxic constituents of Rosmarinus Officinalis? a. Tannin and quercetin b. Borneol camphor and quercetin c. Pinene and borneol camphor d. Saponins and pinene

c. Pinene and borneol camphor

The fresh mucilaginous gel of the aloe vera has been used for centuries to aid with damage (externally) to the _________. a. teeth b. skin c. hair d. all of the above

b. skin

Which of the following statements is correct about demulcent herbs? a. Demulcent herbs soothe, soften, and help heal any irritation of the mucous membranes b. Demulcent herbs contain slippery, mucilaginous properties c. Most demulcent herbs are also emollients d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which demulcent can be used as an eye wash for inflamed eyes? a. mullein b. aloe vera c. slippery elm d. marshmallow

d. marshmallow

Which astringent herb is a member of the Brassicaceae (formerly Cruciferae) family? a. witch hazel b. shepherd's purse c. cranesbill d. fumitory

b. shepherd's purse

The leaves and flowers of which herb contain an essential oil made up of borneol camphor, cineole, linalol, terpenes, and borneol ester? a. rosemary b. cranesbill c. fumitory d. witch hazel

a. rosemary

True or False: The stronger astringents will stop excessive discharges from the intestines, as in diarrhea.

True

Which of the following herbs is NOT commonly used in cooking? a. rosemary b. shepherds purse c. fumitory d. witch hazel

d. witch hazel

What herb is used to help painful menstruation? a. Fumitory b. Rosemary c. Shepherd's Purse d. Witch Hazel

c. Shepherd's Purse

True or False: A large dose of fumitory will have an expectorant and diuretic action.

False

True or False: The term emollient refers to herbs that are used internally to soothe, soften, and help heal mucous membrane irritation.

False

All herbs with a high tannin content must be taken only in the stated doses, as excessive doses can cause damage to the a. liver and kidneys b. respiratory system c. pancreas d. bones and muscles

a. liver and kidneys

True or False: Heat (boiled water) must be used to extract the active ingredients from fumitory.

False

Which herb, taken over a long time, can slow down the circulatory system and induce sleepiness? a. witch hazel b. shepherd's purse c. cranesbill d. fumitory

d. fumitory

Which herb is useful for bad breath, poor memory, circulation problem (hands and feet), digestive upsets, and rheumatism? a. rosemary b. cranesbill c. fumitory d. witch hazel

a. rosemary

A tincture of which astringent is specific for diarrhea with hemorrhoids and is recommended for mucous colitis? a. rosemary b. cranesbill c. fumitory d. witch hazel

d. witch hazel

What herb’s essential oil has demonstrated significant anti-fungal activity? a. Rosemary b. Fumitory c. Witch Hazel d. Shepherd's Purse

a. Rosemary

For which astringent herb do we use only the bark, leaves, and young twigs? a. Fumitory b. Rosemary c. Witch Hazel d. Shepherd's Purse

c. Witch Hazel

Which astringent herb raises blood pressure and promotes blood clotting? a. witch hazel b. shepherd's purse c. cranesbill d. fumitory

b. shepherd's purse

What herb that is classified as an astringent, also has bactericidal activity against Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) and Staphylococcus? a. Fumitory b. Rosemary c. Witch Hazel d. Shepherd's Purse

a. Fumitory

Which herb is frequently used topically for hemorrhoids? a. Witch hazel b. Rosemary c. Cranesbill d. Fumitory

a. Witch hazel

Which expectorant may interfere with hypoglycemic treatment? a. Licorice root b. Horehound c. Elecampane d. Mouse ear hawkweed

c. Elecampane

This category of expectorants is eliminated through the bronchial mucus membranes and in the process secretions and mucus are reduced and blood supply to the area is increased. a. Nauseating b. Stimulating

b. Stimulating

A 1998 study of 118 plants confirmed the traditional use of this herb to provide 100% inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. a. Mouse ear hawkweed b. Honeysuckle c. Mullein d. Elecampane

d. Elecampane

True or False: | Expectorants combine well with antispasmodic, demulcent, nutritive, and stimulant herbs.

True

Elecampane, taken with what other herb, can enhance its antiseptic action? a. Horehound b. Feverfew c. Red raspberry d. Echinacea

d. Echinacea

__________ was a popular remedy in Britain and Europe in pre-industrial times and is still considered by some herbalists as it is considered an excellent remedy for whooping cough.

Mouse ear hawkweed

True or False: | Helenin, or elecampane camphor, is more soluble in water than alcohol.

False

The expectorant that contains inulin and helenin is: a. Elecampane b. Horehound c. Pleurisy root d. Mouse ear hawkweed

a. Elecampane

Lifestyle modifications for hay fever include... a. avoid constipation b. avoid milk products c. drink at least 5-8 cups of water a day d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

Given in small, repeated doses, this category of expectorants stimulates the process of osmosis from inflamed mucus membranes helping to dry up excess mucus and phlegm. a. Nauseating b. Stimulating

a. Nauseating

True or False: | Expectorant herbs have an indirect influence on the mucous membranes of the respiratory system.

False

The condition that is generally the result of some irritant, such as pollen, dust, feathers, animal hair, and certain foods, causing a reaction in the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and air passages is: a. asthma b. sinusitis c. hay fever d. common cold

c. hay fever

Which herb is still collected by some herbalists as it is considered an excellent remedy for whooping cough? a. Licorice root b. Horehound c. Elecampane d. Mouse ear hawkweed

d. Mouse ear hawkweed

Helenin or _______ camphor is perhaps the most interesting constitutent. Research carried out late last century showed that this bitter principle is a powerful antiseptic and bactericide. A few drops of a solution of 1 part to 10,000 immediately kills bacterial organisms, particularly Tubercle bacillus. Helenin is more soluble in alcohol than water.

Elecampane

True or False: | Onions, parsley, ginger, garlic, fennel, and sage are all alternative expectorants.

True

This expectorant may cause contact dermatitis. a. Slippery elm b. Elecampane c. Chickweed d. Comfrey

b. Elecampane

True or False: | For best effect, expectorant herbs should be used alone.

False

Which of the following expectorants resembles dandelion? a. Licorice root b. Horehound c. Elecampane d. Mouse ear hawkweed

d. Mouse ear hawkweed

Bright yellow flower on a single stem with a diameter of approximately 1 inch, and resembling Taraxacum officinale describes... a. Mullein b. Horehound c. Mouse ear hawkweed d. Chickweed

c. Mouse ear hawkweed

The Latin binomial Hieracium pilosella refers to … a. Elecampane b. Mullein c. Mouse ear hawkweed d. Chickweed

c. Mouse ear hawkweed

Many expectorant herbs contain ________ that irritate the respiratory mucous membranes, facilitating expectoration. a. mucilage b. saponins c. tannins d. alkaloids

b. saponins

Why are nauseating expectorant herbs particularly helpful for wet coughs? a. They are antihistamine blockers. b. They help dry up excess mucus and phlegm. c. They help expel excess mucus and phlegm. d. They are a mucolytic agent and thin out mucus and phlegm.

b. They help dry up excess mucus and phlegm.

Which expectorant herb has a bright yellow flower not unlike a small sunflower? a. Pleurisy root b. Horehound c. Elecampane d. Mouse ear hawkweed

c. Elecampane

True or False: | Expectorants combine well with antispasmodics, demulcent, nutritive, and stimulant herbs.

True

b. Stimulating

Which expectorant is a member of the Asteraceae (formerly Compositae) family? a. Horehound b. Elecampane c. Mouse ear hawkweed d. Both B and C.

d. Both B and C.

True or False: Elecampane should not be used during pregnancy.

True

What herb, in a powdered form, can be used to stop nosebleeds? a. Feverfew b. Horehound c. Mouse ear hawkweed d. Elecampane

c. Mouse ear hawkweed

The common name scabwort refers to this herb's use in healing skin issues in horses and sheep. a. Elecampane b. Mouse ear hawkweed c. Horehound d. Pleurisy root

a. Elecampane

What herb contains the two chemicals alatolactone and isoalantolactone, that have bactericidal and fungicidal properties? a. Horehound b. Mouse ear hawkweed c. Elecampane d. Ginger

c. Elecampane