Herbal Medicines/Food Drug Interactions Flashcards
(23 cards)
Rating system
likely safe (as good as you can get), possibly safe, possibly unsafe, likely unsafe, unsafe.
Non-FDA warnings
all supplements not regulated by FDA cannot legally claim to have any health benefits
NCCIH
government agency that handles herbal supplements. Good place to send patients
Milk Thistle major theraputic claims
silybum marianum. Generally for liver disorders. Possibly effective allergic rhinitis, diabetis, dyspepsia, menopausal, radiation dermatits. Possibly ineffective hep C, heb B. Insufficient to rate, liver diseases, amanita mushroom poisoning.
Milk Thistle safety, adverse rxns, interactions (dont memorize)
likely safe. can cause allergic rxns, GI distress, low blood sugar. moderate rating for drugs metabolized in CYP2C9 (diazepan, warfarin), CYPD6 (haloperidol, chloprozamine, beta blockers, tamoxifen), CYP34A (antibiotics, lovastatin etc)
GLucosamine and Chondroitin
for joint pain. Possibly effective osteoarthritis, insufficient to rate osteoarthritis (glucosamine), knee pain (glucosamine
Glucosamine and chondroitin safets, adverse effects, interactions
likely safe, generally well tolerated, possible GI distress. May interact with warfarin
Black Cohosh theraputic claims
menopause symptoms. possibly effective menopause symptoms, insufficient evidence: breast cance, CD, cognitive function, infetility, labor, migranes, osteoporosis, RA
Black Cohosh safety, adverse effects, drug interactions
possibly safe, possibly unsafe in pregnancy and lactation possible GI distress, rashes, potential effects on estrogen-sensitive conditions (bc, uc, endometriosis). May interact with atorvastatin, cisplatin, CYP2D^
Ginkgo general claims
cognitive disorders or deficiencies. Possibly effective for cognitive function, dementia, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy. Possibly ineffective: age related memory loss, antidepressant induced sexual dysfunction, seasonal affective disorder, asthma, hypertension. Likely ineffective CAD. Insufficient evidence to rate: age related macular degenration, altitude sickness ADD…etc
Ginkgo safety
likely safe. LIkely unsafe when using fresh ginko orally, possibly unsafe during pregnancy. Generally well tolerated, major interactio with sustiva
Ginseng general claims
improve well bieng, stimulate immune function. Possibly effective: cognitive fx, erectile dysfunction
Ginseng safety
possibly safe when used short term, possibly unsafe when used long term or in pregnancy. most common side effects include insomnia, mastalgia, vaginal bleeding, tachycardia, palpitations. can interact with some anticoagulants
Ginger claims
treatment of nausea, vomitting, motion sickness. possibly effective: morning sickness, postoperative nauseas, vertigo, dysmenorrrhea, osteoarthritis
Ginger safety
likely safe. avoid nifedipine, warfarin
Echinacea general uses
cold or flu: possibly effective for common cold
Echinacea safety
likely safe in colds and for short term use. possibly safe for long term.
St. Johns wort theraputic claims
depression, anxiety. Likely effective with depression
St. Johns wort safety
significant number of drug interactions, always ask and check
saw palmetto general
BPH: Possibly effective for transurethral resection of the prostate. possibly ineffective BPH
saw palmetto safety
likely safe
tyramine
metabolized by MAO. MAO inhibitors (anti-depressants), block degredation. excess tyramine can lead to hypertensive crisis
grapefruit juice
inhibits intestinal cytochrome P-450 enzyme CYP3A4. Increase plasma time of certain drugs (antiayythmics, CHBs, statins, immunsuppresants, protease inhibitors), leading to several side effects.
