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BOT100 > Herbal Actions > Flashcards

Herbal Actions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 effects a herbal action can have?

A

Systemic effect on the whole body
Specific effect on a particular tissue or organ system

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2
Q

What are the 2 categories of herbal actions?

A

Tonics or effectors

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3
Q

What are the further classification of herbal actions?

A

Stimulating, relaxing, tightening, soothing, restorative, nourishing

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4
Q

What do normalizers/tonics do?

A

Nourish the body. Support natural processes of growth, health and renewal
ex: nettle

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5
Q

What do effectors do?

A

Treatment of specific illnesses. Observable impact on the body
ex: echinacea

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6
Q

What are lymphatic effectors?

A

Stimulate the lymph node activity

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7
Q

What are Hepatic Effectors?

A

Choleretics- they add bile

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8
Q

What are laxative effectors?

A

Stimulate colon. Direct peristalsis

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9
Q

What are Lymphatic tonics?

A

Help with with lymphatic flow

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10
Q

What are laxative tonics?

A

Osmotic, bulking. Reflex peristalsis

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11
Q

Is a bitter a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

Stimulant

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12
Q

Is a hepatic a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

Stimulant

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13
Q

Is a choleretic a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

Stimulant

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14
Q

Is a cholagogue a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

Stimulant

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15
Q

Is a laxative a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

Stimulant

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16
Q

Is a nervine tonic a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

Relaxant

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17
Q

Is a carminative a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

relaxant

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18
Q

Is an alterative a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

stimulant or relaxant

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19
Q

Is a demulcent a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

relaxant

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20
Q

Is an anti-emetic a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

relaxant

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21
Q

Is an antispasmodic a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

A

relaxant

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22
Q

Name 3 respiratory system actions.

A

expectorant, anticatarrhals, antitussives

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23
Q

Name 6 digestive system actions.

A

cholagogue, choleretic, bitters, demulcents, carminative, antiemetic, emetics

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24
Q

Name 9 adrenal & nervous system actions.

A

adaptogens, nervine tonics, nervines relaxants, sedatives, hypnotics, nervine stimulants, antidepressants, anxiolytics, nootropics

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25
Q

Name 7 cardiovascular actions.

A

cardiotonics, hypotensives, blood vessel tonics, antioxidants, hypolipidemics, hypoglycemics, circulatory stimulants.

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26
Q

Name 2 urinary system actions.

A

Diuretics, antilithics

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27
Q

What is an antilithic?

A

Prevent calcification. Prevent the formation of stones in the urinary system and remove previously formed stones.

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28
Q

Name 5 actions for the reproductive system.

A

emmenagogues, galactogogues, uterine tonics, female reproductive tonics, male reproductive tonics

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29
Q

Name 6 actions for the immune system

A

antimicrobials, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antihelmintics, deep immune tonics.

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30
Q

Name 7 MSK System and connective tissue actions.

A

Connective tissue tonics, rubefacients, vulneraries, analgesics, antispasmodicss, antiinflammatories, antirhematics

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31
Q

Name 6 actions of the skin and mucus membranes.

A

emollients, demulcents, astringents, styptics, vulneraries, rubefacients

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32
Q

Name 5 herbal cleansers.

A

Alteratives, diuretics, laxatives/aperients, lymphatics, diaphoretics

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33
Q

True or False. A herb can have an affinity for certain tissues or body systems

A

True. It will have a specific action on that area.

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34
Q

True or False. Adding a herb with an affinity to a certain tissue or organ can help deliver a formula to the affected area that needs to be treated or supported.

A

True.

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35
Q

Herbs with tissue affinities? Do we need to know?

A
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36
Q

What is an expectorant?

A

Help the body to remove excess mucous from the lungs

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37
Q

What is an anticatarrhal?

A

Help the body to remove excess mucous from the sinuses. Thin mucous

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38
Q

What is an antitussive?

A

A cough SUPPRESSANT. Helps prevent coughing by working on a part of the brain that controls the action

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39
Q

What do cholagogues do?

A

Stimulate the release and secretion of bile from the gall bladder. They also have a laxative effect on the digestive system since they increase the amount of bile in the duodenum. STIMULATES FLOW of bile.

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40
Q

What is a choleretic?

A

Increase the volume of secretion of bile from the liver. STIMULATES PRODUCTION of bile.

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41
Q

What is a demulcent?

A

Rich in mucilage and can soothe and protect irritated or inflamed internal tissue.

42
Q

What does a carminative do?

A

Relieves flatulence.

43
Q

Is an anti-emetic a digestive stimulant or relaxant?

44
Q

What does an emetic do? And antiemetic?

A

Causes vomiting.
Prevents vomiting.

45
Q

What is an adaptogen?

A

Help the body respond to stress, anxiety and fatigue.

46
Q

What is a nervine tonic?

A

Act directly on the nervous system and improve and strengthen their functions. Restorative.

47
Q

What is a nervine relaxant? And stimulant?

A

Relax and sooth the nervous system (Passion flower)

Stimulate and activate the nervous system (Coffee)

48
Q

What is an anxiolytic?

A

Stimulate neurotransmitter synthesis to relieve anxiety.

49
Q

What is a nootropic?

A

Improve cognitive function, attention, memory, creativity.

50
Q

What is a cardiotonic?

A

Increase tonus of heart muscle and contractility. Treats cardiac insufficiency. For angina or heart attack.

51
Q

What is a hypotensive?

A

Help lower blood pressure.

52
Q

What does a blood vessel tonic do?

A

Nourishes blood vessels. Restore blood vessels, varicose veins

53
Q

What is a hypolipidemic?

A

Used to treat high cholesterol. Remove lipids.

54
Q

What is a hypoglycemic?

A

Improve insulin sensitivity. Lower blood sugar.

55
Q

What does a circulatory stimulant do?

A

Help improve circulation

56
Q

What does a diuretic do?

A

Increase the production of urine. For UTIs

57
Q

What does an antilithic do?

A

Prevents the formation of urinary calculi or destroy current stones.

58
Q

What is an emmenagogue?

A

Stimulates blood flow in the uterus, causing menstruation. Regulate menstration.

59
Q

What is a galactogogue?

A

Lactation inducing for breast feeding.

60
Q

What does a uterine tonic do?

A

Induce labor, reduce postpartum hemorrhage, and prepare women for an easier child birth by toning muscles of the uterus.

61
Q

What does a reproductive tonic do? Female? Male?

A

Support cellular regeneration, balance hormones, soothe.

62
Q

What is an antimicrobial?

A

Kills microbes and microorganisms to prevent their development.

63
Q

What is an antihelmintic?

A

Expel parasitic worms and other internal parasites from the body.

64
Q

What is a rubefacient?

A

Bringing circulation. Cause reddening or irritation of the skin. Relieve pain in various MSK conditions.

65
Q

What is a vulnerary?

A

Healing. Used to treat wounds.

66
Q

What is an analgesic?

A

Pain reliever

67
Q

What is an antirheumatic?

A

Reduce inflammation and pain at the joints, muscles, or connective tissues.

(Wild Yam, turmeric, arnica, gotu kola, celery seed)

68
Q

What is an emollient?

A

Soften and sooth the skin. Mucous containing. Used for eczema and psoriasis. Form protective barrier.

(Almond oil, aloe, chickweed, plantain, comfrey)

69
Q

What is an astringent?

A

Drying, draws water out, oil fighting

(Red raspberry, calendula, tea tree, witch hazel)

70
Q

What is a syptic?

A

Contracts tissues or blood vessels. Stops bleeding. (astringent herb applied topically)

(Yarrow, plantain, witch hazel)

71
Q

What is a diaphoretic?

A

Increases perspiration. Used for fever reduction, detox, outward circulation.

Stimulating: Ginger, Cayenne, Yarrow

Relaxing: Linden flowers, elder flower, catnip

72
Q

What is a hypnotic?

A

Used to induce sleep.

Valerian, melatonin

73
Q

What is a deep immune tonic?

A

Restore the immune system.

(Reishi, schisandra)

74
Q

Which herbs are used as demulcents to sooth the digestive tract?

A

Marshmallow, licorice, slippery elm

75
Q

Which herbs are used to sooth the respiratory tract? Soothing expectorant?

A

Mullein, coltsfoot, plantain

76
Q

Which herb is used to sooth the genitourinary tract?

77
Q

What herbs are bulking laxitives?

A

Aloe gel, psyllium husk, flax seed, marshmallow root

78
Q

What herbs are vulnerary?

A

Comfrey, plantain, calendula

79
Q

Which herbs are astringent?

A

Yarrow, meadowsweet, witch hazel, red raspberry leaf

80
Q

Which herbs are analgesic?

A

Cayenne, California poppy, cramp bark, white willow

81
Q

What does anti-pyretic / febrifuge do?

A

Controls / reduces fever

82
Q

What are some anti-pyretic / febrifuge herbs?

A

Meadowsweet, peppermint, white willow

83
Q

What are some cholagogue and choleretic herbs? (They are also hepatoprotective and hepatotrophorestorative)

A

Milk thistle, golden seal, turmeric, dandelion root

84
Q

What herbs are alteratives?

A

Burdock, yellow dock, cleavers, dandelion root, nettle, red clover

85
Q

What is an alterative?

A

Gradually restores proper nutrition, elimination & metabolic function of the whole body. METABOLISM.

86
Q

What do anti-oxidants do?

A

Reduce oxidative damage. Inhibits the reduction of dehydroascorbic acid via glutathione by acting as H+ donors allowing resonance stabilization allowing damaging molecules to be unreactive.

87
Q

What are some antispasmodic herbs?

A

Hops, chamomile, peppermint, cramp bark, ginger

88
Q

What are some carminative herbs?

A

Fennel, chamomile, lemon balm, peppermint, ginger

89
Q

What are some rubefacient herbs?

A

Cayenne, mustard seed, castor oil, onion & garlic

90
Q

What are some nervine relaxants?

A

Lavender, passion flower, lemon balm

91
Q

What are some nervine stimulants?

A

Peppermint, Orange, Caffeine

92
Q

What are some nervine tonics?

A

Oat tops, St. John’s wort, gotu kola

93
Q

What are some immune stimulants?

A

Tea tree oil, oil of oregano, echinacea, old man’s beard

94
Q

What are some stimulating expectorants?

A

Blood root, eucalyptus

95
Q

What are some immunomodulator / deep immune tonics?

A

Astragalus, medicinal mushies, schisandra

96
Q

What are some anti-catarrhals?

A

Elderberry & flower, eyebright, wild indigo, goldenseal

97
Q

What are some adaptogens?

A

Siberian ginseng, licorice, ashwaghanda, schisandra, holy basil

98
Q

What are some anthraquinones?

A

cascara, senna, aloe latex, turkey rhubarb

99
Q

What is the difference between choleretic and cholagogue?

A

Choleretic stimulates PRODUCTION of bile

Cholagogue stimulates FLOW of bile

100
Q

What is an aperient?

A

A bowel stimulator. Laxative.

101
Q

What does a diaphoretic do?

A

Increases perspiration.

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