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Nutrition Semester 3 > Herbal > Flashcards

Herbal Flashcards

1
Q

What is phytochemistry?

A

The study of chemicals derived from plants. It includes primary and secondary metabolites

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2
Q

4 benefits of chamomile

A
  • Relax the CNS (stress, anxiety)
  • Antispasmodic in digestive system (pain, bloating, gas)
  • Anti-inflammatory (skin & digestive)
  • Anti- ulceration (protects against peptic ulcers)
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3
Q

Alkaloid effect and herb

A

Nervous system stimulant
Berberine

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4
Q

Anthraquinone effect and herb

A

Powerful evacuation
Senna

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5
Q

Flavonoid effect and herb

A

Antiox and antiviral
Hawthorn Berry

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6
Q

Saponin

A

Adaptogenic and steroid like effect
Liquorice

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7
Q

Tannin effect and herb

A

Drys out wounds
Yarrow

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8
Q

Terpenenes

A

Antispasmodic in the GIT and lungs
Antimicrobial
Lavender

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9
Q

How to prepare an infusion (herbal tea)

A

2tsp of dried of fresh herbs in boiling water and infuse for 10-15 mins then strain. 3 cups a day
If using teabags 2 bags per cups is a medicinal dose

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10
Q

Peppermint tea is useful for…

A

IBS

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11
Q

Liquorice root tea is useful for…

A

Adrenal Fatigue

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12
Q

Aloe vera part, energetics and intake

A

Inner leaf
Cool & moist
25-100ml of juice or used topically

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13
Q

Aloe vera uses

A

Anti-inflammatory (inhibits COX) : burns, wounds (collagen synthesis), GIT inflammation and ulceration

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14
Q

Cardamom part used, energetics, intake

A

Seeds
Warm, dry
1/2 to 1tsp daily

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15
Q

Cardamom usage

A

Weak digestion, flatulence, bloating
Circulation, hypertension

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16
Q

Chamomile part, energetics and intake

A

Flowers
Neutral
2tsp in tea

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17
Q

Chamomile uses

A

Antispasmodic
Sedative
Stress
Insomnia
Diabetes

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18
Q

Fennel part, energetics, intake

A

Seeds
Warm
1-2 tsp crushed daily in 10 mins hot water

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19
Q

Fennel uses

A

IBS - gas, bloating
Galactagogue - increases breast milk
Bronchitis - expectorant

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20
Q

Ginger part used, energetics, intake

A

Rhizome
Warm, hot
1/2 tsp dried or 3tsp fresh

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21
Q

Ginger uses

A

Inflammatory joint pain (OA and RA)
Antiemetic - nausea, motion sickness
Weak digestion or circulation

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22
Q

Liqourice part used, energetics, intake

A

Root
Neutral
1-2 tsp daily

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23
Q

Liquorice uses

A

Antagonises exogenous oestrogen - oestrogen dominance, breast cancer
Coughs - expectorant
Adrenal fatigue - an adrenal tonic

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24
Q

Oregano part used, energetics, intake

A

Leaves
Warm
1-2tsp daily or oil capsules

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25
Q

Oregano uses

A

GI infections - E-coli or salmonella
Flatulence, bloating

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26
Q

Peppermint part used, energetics, intake

A

Leaves
Neutral
1 tsp per cup or as oil capsules

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27
Q

Slippery elm part used, energetics, intake

A

Inner bark,
cool, moist
2-3tsp daily

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28
Q

Slippery elm uses

A

Soothes the GI and upper respiratory tract
Peptic ulcers, IBS, gastritis, GORD
Constipation
Coughs, sore throat

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29
Q

Key herbal actions for the liver

A

Hepatoprotective: protects the liver: milk thistle
Choleretic: increases bile production: dandelion root
Cholagogue: increases release of bile from gallbladder: artichoke

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30
Q

Globe artichoke part used, energetics, intake

A

Leaves
Cool, bitter
1/2 to 1 tsp infused 3x daily

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31
Q

Globe artichoke uses

A

High cholesterol or triglycerides
Sluggish digestion (esp from rich fatty foods)
Enhances digestion and absorption

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32
Q

Dandelion root part used, energetics, intake

A

Root,
cool/bitter
1-2 tsp daily, 3x

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33
Q

Dandelion root uses

A

Gallstones
Appetite loss
Constipation

34
Q

Milk thistle part used, energetics and intake

A

Seeds, neutral and 2 tsp daily

35
Q

Milk thistle uses

A

Hepatoprotective and restorative
Cirrhosis, fatty liver, nausea

36
Q

Key herbal actions for the respiratory system

A

Anticatarrhal: Reduced the formation/dries out phlegm (eyebright)
Diaphoretic: Sweating to reduce fever (cinnamon)
Expectorant: Removal of catarrh (liquorice)
Anti-microbial: Destroys infectious micro-organisms (thyme)
Anti spasmodic: Removes bronchial smooth muscle spasm (aniseed)

37
Q

Part used, energetics, intake

A

Leaves, flowers
Warm
3-12g a day

38
Q

Thyme uses

A

Acute/chronic bronchitis
GI dysbiosis
Asthma

39
Q

Cinnamon part used, energetics, intake

A

Inner bark
Warm/hot, dry
1-2tsp daily

40
Q

Cinnamon uses

A

Weak digestion
Poor circulation
Diabetes

41
Q

Sage part used, energetics, intake

A

Leaves
Warm
3-12g daily

42
Q

Sage uses

A

Menopausal sweats
Tonsillitis
Alzheimers

43
Q

Garlic parts used, energetics,
intake

A

Bulb
Hot
1-2 fresh cloves daily

44
Q

Garlic uses

A

Colds, flu
Hypertension
Dysbiosis

45
Q

Key herbal actions for immune

A

Immunomodulator: balances and strengthens immunity (astralgus)
Immune enhancing: increases immune response (echinacea)
Anti inflammatory: Reduces inflammation (turmeric)

46
Q

Astralgus part used, energetics, intake

A

Root
Warm
9-30g a day of dried root

47
Q

Astralgus uses

A

Fatigue, chronic/recurrent infections, post-viral syndrome

48
Q

Echinacea part used, energetics, intake

A

Root
Warm
1tsp 1-3x daily (decoction)

49
Q

Echinacea uses

A

Infection prevention or to treat acute
Arthritis

50
Q

Turmeric uses, energetics and intake

A

Rhizome, warm and 1-2tsp daily (with healthy fats and black pepper)

51
Q

Turmeric uses

A

Eczema, psoriasis
Inflammatory conditions (OA, RA, SLE, ulcerative colitis)
Liver support

52
Q

Key herbs for the nervous system

A

Nootropic: enhances brain function (rosemary)
Nervine: relaxes the nervous system (lavender)
Thymoleptic: lifts the mood (st johns wort)
Sedative: relaxes and promotes sleep (valerian)
Anxiolytic: anxiety (passionflower)

53
Q

Ginkgo biloba part used, energetics, intake

A

Leaves
Neutral
2tsp daily

54
Q

Ginkgo biloba

A

Memory and concentration
Alzheimers
Erectile dysfunction

55
Q

Lavender parts used, energetics, intake

A

Flowers
Warm, bitter
3-6g day dried flower infusion

56
Q

Lavender uses

A

Anxiety
Insomnia
Stress headaches

57
Q

Passionflower part used, energetics, intake

A

Leaves/flowers
Neutral
1-2tsp day dried herbs infusion 2/3x day

58
Q

Passionflower uses

A

Anxiety with circular thinking
Insomnia
Tension headache

59
Q

Rosemary part used, energetics, intake

A

Leaves, twigs
Warm
1-2tsp dried herb x3 daily infusion

60
Q

Rosemary uses

A

Memory & concentration
Mental performance
Tension headache

61
Q

St Johns Wort part used, energetics and intake

A

Leaves, flowering tops
Energetics - cool, bitter
Intake - 2tsp infused x3 cups daily

62
Q

St John’s Wort uses

A

Mild-moderate depression
Anxiety
Irratibility
Insomnia

63
Q

Key herbal actions for the reproductive system

A

Hormone modulators: regulate and balance (chaste berry)
Emmenagogue: promotes menstruation (dong quai)
Galactagogue: Breast milk production (fennel seeds)
Reproductive tonic: Reproductive health and fertility (shatavari)
Anti- prostatic: Reduces prostate gland symptoms (saw palmetto)

64
Q

Black cohosh uses

A

Menopause
PMS
Cramps
OA & RA

65
Q

Black cohosh parts used, energetics and intake

A

Root, rhizome
Cool
1 tsp of dried root per cup of water

66
Q

Chaste berry parts used, energetics, intake

A

Berry
Warm
1 tsp dried berries decocted 1-2 daily

67
Q

Chaste berry uses

A

PMS
Recurrent miscarriage (progesterone)
Regulates cycle

68
Q

Dong Quai parts used, energetics, intake

A

Root
Warm
4.5g-9g a day dried root

69
Q

Dong quai uses

A

Endometriosis
Menopause
PMS

70
Q

Shatavari parts used, energetics, intake

A

Root, rhizome
Cool
1-2tsp of powder

71
Q

Shatavari

A

Vaginal dryness
Infertility
Low libido
Male impotence

72
Q

Saw palmetto parts used, energetics, intake

A

Berry
Warm
1 tsp dried berries, 2-3x daily

73
Q

Saw palmetto uses

A

Cystitis, prostatis, BPH

74
Q

What is an adaptogen?

A

Increases resistance to physical, biological, emotional and environmental stressors.
Mediated largely by the HPA axis
They conserve energy

75
Q

What is a tonic?

A

It improves tone, vigour and body function
They restore energy

76
Q

Ashawagandha part, energetics and intake

A

Root
Warm
3-6g a day of dried root (decoction)

77
Q

Ashwagandha uses

A

Insomnia
Infertility
Anaemia

78
Q

Panax ginseng part, energetics, intake

A

Root
Hot
1-2g root a day

79
Q

Panax ginseng uses

A

Stress
Fatigue
Type 2 diabetes

80
Q

Siberian ginseng part, energetics and intake

A

Root
Warm
2-3g a day dried root decoction

81
Q

Siberian ginseng uses

A

Chronic immune deficiency
Fatigue
Mild depression

82
Q

Herbal medicine in pregnancy in small doses and if clinically essential

(never used herbal capsules or supplements)

A

Bilberry: vascular support
German chamomile: Relaxation and GIT spasm
Cranberry: urinary tract
Echinacea: immunity
Garlic: cardiovascular and respiratory
Ginger: morning sickness
Peppermint: morning sickness, GIT spasm

Nutrition Semester 3 (3 decks)

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