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Gastroenterology > Hepatomegaly > Flashcards

Hepatomegaly Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of Hepatomegaly?

SHIRTS

A 
Structural
Storage
Haematological
Heart
Infection
Inflammatory
Infiltrative
Reticuloendothelial
Rheumatological
Tumour
Trauma
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2
Q

Structural causes of hepatomegaly?

A 
Extrahepatic biliary atresia
Choledochola cyst
intrahepatic biliary hypoplasia
polycystic disease
congenital hepatic fibrosis
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3
Q

Storage/metabolic causes of hepatomegaly?

A

Defective lipid metabolism-Gaucher, Neimman Pick, hyperlipoproteinomas, cholesteryl ester storage, carnitine deficiency, mucolipidoses

Defective CHO metabolism- DM, GSD (Types 1,3,4, 6), hereditary fructose intolerance, galactosaemia, cushings, syndrome, mucopolysaccharidoses

Defective AA metabolism- tyrosinaemia type 1, urea cycle enzyme disorders

Defective mineral metabolism- Wilsons

Defective electrolyte transport - CF

Defective nutrition- PCM, TPN

Deficiency of protease- Apha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

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4
Q

Haematological causes of hepatomegaly?

A

Thallasaemia
Sickle cell (Chronic haemolysis and transfusion haemosiderosis)
Acute leukaemia
CML

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5
Q

Heart causes of hepatomegaly

A

CCF
Constrictive pericarditis
Obstructed IVC

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6
Q

Infective causes of hepatomegaly?

A

Viral infections- Congenital rubella, CMV, Coxsackie, echo, Hepatitis, EBV

Bacterial- neonatal septicaemia, E.Coli UTI, TB, congenital syphilis

Parasitic- hydatid disease, malaria, schistosomiasis, toxoplasmosis, visceral larva migrans

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7
Q

Inflammatory causes of hepatomegaly?

A

CAH
Chronic persistent hepatitis
IBD associated

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8
Q

Infiltrative causes of hepatomegaly?

A

Histiocytosis X

Sarcoidosis

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9
Q

Reticuloendothelial causes of hepatomegaly?

A

Non-hodgkins lymphoma

Hodgkin’s disease

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10
Q

Rheumatological causes of hepatomegaly?

A

Systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SOJIA)

SLE

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11
Q

Tumour

A

Primary hepatic neoplasms

Secondary deposits- Wilms, neuroblastoma, gonadal tumours

Vascular malformations-infantile haemangioendothelioma, cavernous haemangioma

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12
Q

Jaundiced infants -ddx hepatomegaly?

A 
EHBA
A1AT deficiency
Arteriohepatic dysplasia
Metabolic- HF1, galactosaemia, tyrosinosis, CF
Choledocal cyst
Infection
Hypopituatarism
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13
Q

Non jaundiced infants - ddx hepatomegaly?

A 
Tumours
Choledochal cyst
Haemangioma
GSD 1, 3, 6
LSD
Congenital hepatic fibrosis
CCF
Metabolic
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14
Q

Jaundiced preschoolers - ddx hepatomegaly?

A

Metabolic
Chronic active hepatits
Choledochal cyst

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15
Q

Non jaundiced preschooler

A

Infection- Hep, IMN, CMV, toxo
Metabolic- HF1, GSD, Cholesteryl ester storage disease
Structural- choledochal cyst, tumours, congenital hepatic fibrosis

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Gastroenterology (28 decks)

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