Hepatocellular carcinoma Flashcards
1
Q
Hepatocellular carcinoma definition
A
primary cancer arising from hepatocytes in a cirrhotic liver
2
Q
Hepatocellular carcinoma risk factors
A
- cirrhosis
- chronic Hep B
- Hep C virus
- high alcohol use
- diabetes
- obesity
- family history
3
Q
Hepatocellular carcinoma pathophysiology
A
- chronic inflammation and cirrhosis
- development of dysplastic nodules
- transformation into HCC
4
Q
Hepatocellular carcinoma signs and symptoms
A
- often presents late
- cirrhosis leads to:
- jaundice
- ascites
- RUQ pain
- pruritus
- hepatomegaly
- splenomegaly
- raised AFP
5
Q
Hepatocellular carcinoma investigations
A
- LFTs, FBC, metabolic and coagulation profiles
- screen for Hep B and C
- abdominal ultrasound
- consider liver biopsy
6
Q
Hepatocellular carcinoma management
A
- surgical resection in early disease
- liver transplantation
- radiofrequency ablation
- transarterial chemoembolisation
- multikinase inhibitor e.g. sorafenib
