HEPATOBILIARY 1

Question 1

When Jaundiced in hepatitis, what is liver ALT levels?

Answer 1

super high in the 1000s

Question 2

what causes high ALT?

Answer 2

hepatocyte membrane damage

Question 3

When do you get Mallory bodies?

Answer 3

alcoholic hepatitis

Question 4

when do you get centrilobular necrosis?

Answer 4

paracetomol toxicity

Question 5

what is a Councilman body?

Answer 5

hepatocyte undergoing apoptosis

Question 6

2 giveaways of alcoholic hepatitis?

Answer 6

Mallory bodies

Neutrophils

Question 7

Cholestasis histologically see?

Answer 7

yellow brown dots (bile plug) in dilated biliary canaliculi

Question 8

what is a hallmark feature of acute viral hepatitis B?

Answer 8

APOPTOSIS and ground glass hepatocytes

Question 9

what happens to portal tracts in chronic hepatitis C? 4 things

Answer 9

1. lymphocytes infiltration
2. Fatty change
3. interface hepatitis
4. bridging fibrosis

Question 10

Two examples of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?

Answer 10

DM and CHF

Question 11

What is steatosis?

Answer 11

just fat (triglyceride) in the liver
fatty liver

Question 12

3 types of steatosis are?

Answer 12

macrovesicular/large droplet - DIABETES
microvesicular/small droplet - REYE SYNDROME
Mixed type- ALCOHOL

Question 13

Liver failure skin findings

Answer 13

Erythema, spider angioma, jaundice

Question 14

Rusty smell in liver failure

Answer 14

mercaptans

Question 15

Renal failure in liver failure

Answer 15

Hepatorenal syndrome (due to decreased renal perfusion)

Question 16

Hemochromatosis- organ involvement

Answer 16

liver, joint, skin, pancreas (bronze diabetes), heart

Question 17

Fulminant hepatitis (acute liver failure)- cause

Answer 17

Drug, superinfection, pregnancy, Wilson. (increasing ammonia)

Question 18

Causes of alcoholic steatosis

Answer 18

decreased apoprotein decreased lipoprotein secretion, , increased fat biosynthesis, increased peripheral catabolism of fat