Hepato-Biliary surgery Flashcards
What is the functions of the Gallbladder
Bile reservoir
Concentrates bile
Secretes after meal
What hormone control bile secretion after a meal
CKK
Where can anatomical variation occur with the gallbladder
With the cystic duct the hepatic duct
and blood supply to the gallbladder
What are the benign condition of the Gallbladder
Gallstones
Cholesterosis
(change in gallbladder wall due to excess cholesterol)
GB Polyps
What is in the composition of gallstones
Cholesterol and pigment
What is the risk factors of gallstones
age gender Oral contraceptive pill Obesity diabetes
What symptoms occur in gallstones
Asymptomatic 10-30%
Flatulent
dyspepsia/indegestion
Bilary colic: Nausea, vomiting, upper abdomen pain
Tenderness
Jaundice signs
What is the complications that can occur inn gallstones
Acute cholecystitis
Empyemma
Perforation
Mirrizis syndrome
Gallstone illeus
What occurs in gallstone ileus
small bowel obstruction due to gallstone at the lumen of the small intestine
What occurs in Mirrzis syndrome
Gallstone becomes stuck on the neck of the gallbladder, compressing bile duct resulting in jaundice
What is biliary colic
The generalised pain experienced after a meal or the early hours due to stretch in the gut wall of the upper abdomen
Can causes nausea and vomiting
What happens in secondary gallstones =Choledocholithiasis
Incidental in Cholecstectomy which results in gallstone movement into the common bile duct
What is the complications of secondary choledocholithiasis. gallstones
acute pancreaitis
Obstructibe jaundice
ascending cholangitis
What is the symptoms of obstructive jaundice
Pain,
jaundice,
dark urine,
pale stool, pruritus, steatorrhoea
What is the blood test investigations for Gallstones
LFT (AST, ALT, ALP)
Amylase
Lipase
WCC