Hepatitis Flashcards
Viral hepatitis
What can it cause?
Hepatitis A-E
-can cause hepatic cell necrosis, Kuppfer cell hyperplasia, and infiltration of liver tissue by mononuclear phagocytes
Phases of Viral Hepatitis
Incubation
Prodromal (preicteric) phase
Icteric phase (basically the acute phase)
Recovery phase
Incubation phase of Viral Hep
period b/w exposure and onset of symptoms; varies, depending on the virus
Prodromal (preicteric phase)
clinical manifestations?
begins w/onset of symptoms and ends with the appearance of jaundice
clinical manifestations: fever, malaise, anorexia, and liver enlargement and tenderness (more general)
Highly transmissible during this phase d/t high virus in the blood
Icteric phase
Jaundice, hyper-bilirubinemia, fatigue, and abdominal pain
Recovery phase
Which forms of hepatitis can develop into chronic hepatitis?
- begins with resolution of jaundice
- symptoms resolve after several weeks
- chronic or chronic active hepatitis may develop depending on the type of virus
- B,C,D can develop into chronic hepatitis
- A and E usually resolve w/o chronic problems
Chronic active hepatitis
occurs with hep B and C with a predisposition for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma
Fulminant hepatitis
Is a complication of hep B (with or without D infection) or hepatitis C
causes widespread hepatic necrosis, and could be fatal
Hepatitis A virus
spread through?
incubation period?
fecal shedding?
antibodies?
- Spread through: fecal-oral, anal sex, IVDU & blood transfusions (rare)
- incubation period: 4-6 weeks
- fecal shedding: highest 10-14 days before symptoms; fecal shedding until 3 mo. after onset of symptoms
-antibodies (anti-HAV) after 4 weeks of infection
IgM and then IgG (can last several years)
Hep A vaccine is a
Passive immunity with immunoglobulin vaccine lasts for?
inactivated virus meaning it is not living
lasts for 3 months
Increase in ALT and Jaundice
…
Tx of Hep A:
post exposure Hep A immune globulin provided within 2 weeks of exposure
-supportive
