Hepatitis

Question 1

Transmission and incubation HAV

Answer 1

Hep A - Faeco-oral, 2-6 wks

Question 2

Hepatitis pathophysiology

Answer 2

Acute - hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis, lymphocyte infiltration and necrosis of connecting structures
Chronic (6 mths+) - inflammatory cells present in portal tracts, cirrhosis and necrosis

Question 3

Transmission and incubation HBV

Answer 3

Bodily fluids, 1-6 mths

Question 4

Transmission and incubation HCV

Answer 4

Bodily fluids, 1-6 mths

Question 5

Transmission and incubation HDV

Answer 5

Incomplete RNA, needs HBV for assembly

Question 6

Transmission and incubation HEV

Answer 6

Faeco-oral, 2-6 wks

Question 7

Hepatitis non-hepatitis virus infective causes

Answer 7

EBV
CMV
Malaria
Yellow Fever
Syphilis
Leptospirosis

Question 8

Hepatitis signs

Answer 8

Sometimes asymptomatic but eventually with chronic cirrhosis, chronic liver failure signs e.g. coagulopathy and encephalopathy

Question 9

HAV treatment

Answer 9

Supportive care

Interferon alpha for fulminant

Question 10

HAV diagnosis

Answer 10

IgG for life

AST and ALT acutely rise

Question 11

Hepatitis non-infective causes

Answer 11

Autoimmune - t-cell autoimmune attack on hepatocytes

Drug induced - paracetamol, isoniazid, amiodarone, methotrexate

Question 12

HBV diagnosis

Answer 12

HBsAg (raised alone in vaccinated)
HBcAg
HBeAg (infective)

Question 13

HCV diagnosis

Answer 13

Anti-HCV antibodies in serology

Question 14

HDV diagnosis

Answer 14

Anti-HDV antibody (only if HBsAg +)

Question 15

HEV diagnosis

Answer 15

Serology diagnosis

Question 16

HBV treatment

Answer 16

Interferon alpha 2a/entecavir

Question 17

HCV treatment

Answer 17

Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir/ribavarin/interferon

Question 18

Severe acute alcoholic hepatitis treatment

Answer 18

Prednisolone 40mg/day for 4 wks