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Clin Med 1 - Exam 4 > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

This hepatitis has the highest mortality in pregnant women

A

Hepatitis E

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2
Q

This liver test is a measure of vitamin K dependent clotting factors

A

Prothrombin time/INR

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3
Q

Liver biopsy shows piecemeal necrosis with lymphocyte infiltration, what might this patient have?

A

Autoimmune hepatitis

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4
Q

Serology test to determine severity of hepatitis B

A

HBeAg - presence indicates that virus is replicating and the infected person has high levels of HBV

Anti-HBe - hepatitis B e antibody, indicates lower levels of HBV

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5
Q

Most people with this type of hepatitis don’t know they’re infected

A

Hepatitis B

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6
Q

Sign of alcoholic hepatitis

A

Severely elevated bilirubin, bad jaundice

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7
Q

ALT and AST are enzymes found in hepatocytes. When are they released into the blood?

A

Both released when liver cells damaged

ALT: specific for liver injury

AST: less specific, also found in skeletal and cardiac muscle

(if AST up but not ALT, may not be liver issue)

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8
Q

Name the two autosomal recessive and one autosomal dominant genetic liver conditions

A

Auto recessive: hemochromatosis and Wilson’s

Auto dominant: alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency

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9
Q

Treatment for hepatitis A

A

Supportive care only

99% get better in six months on their own

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10
Q

Differentiate between cholestatic and hepatocellular patterns

A

Cholestatic: Disproportionate ALP and bilirubin elevation

Hepatocellular: Disproportionate AST/ALT (transaminases) elevation

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11
Q

Textbook patient for primary biliary cirrhosis

A

Middle-aged woman

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12
Q

Which liver test, albumin or prothrombin time/INR, is more reflective of short-term changes in liver function?

A

Prothrombin time/INR

(albumin has 21 day half life so does not drop acutely)

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13
Q

Does infection of hepatitis C always confer immunity?

A

No

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14
Q

Most common causes of drug-induced liver failure

A

Tylenol most common intentional cause

Antimicrobials/antibiotics most common unintentional cause

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15
Q

Transmission of hepatitis B

A

Can be horizontal or vertical

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16
Q

Transmission of hepatitis E

A

Fecal-oral

Animal vectors

Maternal-infant (often fatal)

17
Q

Definition of hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver

Manifested by elevations of AST/ALT

18
Q

Symptoms of hemochromatosis

A

Similar to diabetes (bronze diabetes)

19
Q

Which hepatitis variants have no potential for chronic infection?

A

A and E

20
Q

Differentiate between acute and chronic hepatitis

A

Acute: less than six months

Chronic: more than six months

21
Q

Most common cause of liver cirrhosis

A

NASH/MASH

22
Q

NASH/MASH is caused by this syndrome

A

Metabolic syndrome

(obesity, lipids, diabetes)

23
Q

A patient infected with hepatitis B would have this on serology

A

HBsAg - surface antigen
Core antibody
(IgM anti-HBc if acute)

24
Q

A patient who has recovered from hepatitis B and is immune would have this on serology

A

Anti-HBc - core antibody

Anti-HBs - surface antibody

25
Q

Two actual tests of liver function

A

Prothrombin time/INR

Albumin

26
Q

Will hepatic diseases cause elevated conjugated or unconjugated bilirubin?

A

Both unconjugated and conjugated increased equally

27
Q

Wilson’s disease causes a buildup of this in the blood, leading to these symptoms

A

Copper

Neurologic symptoms (psychosis, seizures, retardation)

28
Q

This genetic liver disease most commonly presents with respiratory issues

A

Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency

29
Q

A patient who was vaccinated for hepatitis B would have this on serology

A

Anti-HBs - surface antibody

30
Q

Incidence of this hepatitis is increasing due to the opioid epidemic

A

Hepatitis C

31
Q

Treatment for Tylenol induced acute liver failure

A

N-acetylcysteine within 8 hours

NAC ‘em!

32
Q

This hepatitis needs a patient to be infected with this hepatitis to survive

A

Hep D needs Hep B (coinfection)

33
Q

Will posthepatic diseases (gallstones) cause elevated conjugated or unconjugated bilirubin?

A

Conjugated (dark urine and pale stool)

34
Q

Transmission of hepatitis A

A

Close personal contact

Fecal-oral contamination of food or water

35
Q

Will prehepatic diseases (hemolytic anemia) cause elevated conjugated or unconjugated bilirubin?

A

Unconjugated

36
Q

Factors that affect fibrosis risk in hepatitis C

A

Alcohol use

Duration of infection

Male more risk than female

37
Q

Gold standard for assessing treatment effectiveness in hepatitis B

A

Anti-HBe antibody presence

Clin Med 1 - Exam 4 (12 decks)

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