Hepatic and Biliary Flashcards
Where does the liver refer to?
- Thoracic spine (7-10) midline - to the right
- Right upper trap and shoulder
Where does the gallbladder refer to?
- Right upper trap and shoulder
- Right interscapular area (T4-8)
- Right subscapular area
When working with patients with liver disease, what is an important consideration to keep in mind regaurding their bones?
Increased risk for hepatic osteodystrophy and osteoporosis
Hepatic osteodystrophy
abnormal development of bone
Neurological symptoms associated with liver disease
- Confusion
- Sleep disturbances
- Muscle tremors
- Hyperreactive tremors
- Asterixis
- Peripheral n. dysfunction (bilateral carpal tunnel or tarsal tunnel syndrome)
- Poor concentration
- Fatigue
- S&S of encephalopathy
Route of transmission for Hep A, B, and C
Hep A: fecal-oral
Hep B + C: percutaneous w/bodily fluid + mucosal
Which acute hepatitis presents with diarrhea?
Hep A
What is the potential for chronic infection of Hep A?
NONE
What is the potential for chronic infection of Hep B?
Infants: 90% after acute infection at birth
Children: 25-50% newly infected at 1-5Y
Adults: 5%
What is the potential for chronic infection of Hep C?
> 50% of newly infected people
Long-term Effects of Hep A
Most people recover with no lasting liver damage.
Long-term Effect of Hep B
- Most recover with no lasting liver damage.
- 15-25% will develop chronic liver infection
Long Term Effects of Hep C
5-25% of people develop cirrhosis/10-20Y
Hep C + cirrhosis = 1-4% annual risk for hepatocellular carcinoma
Treatment for Hep A
Supportive treatment only
