HENT - part one ppt Flashcards
For a focused exam, start with ___ questions, then perform ___ exam, and come up with ___ ___.
hx, physical, differential dx
Moderate to intense pain and constant throbbing indicates ___ of ___ arteries.
dilation, cervical
Steady, throbbing, usually on same side. Pain peaks in 3-4 hrs and can last for days indicates a ___.
migraine
Pain increased during work, school, activities, or stressful situations and decreases w/rest indicates a ___ h/a
tension
Orbital pain increased from ___ pressure.
intraocular
Preorbital pain increases d/t ___ or ___ nerve pain.
sinusitis, trigeminal
___ tends to be more frontal, temporal, and unilateral pain.
TMJ
Vomiting w/out nausea most likely indicates a ___ ___.
brain tumor
Photophobia occurs w/___, but not ___ h/a.
migraines, tension
1/3 of pt’s w/ha get ___.
vertigo
___ h/a are not familial, whereas ___ are.
Tension, migraines
Retinal hemorrhages, could indicate ___.
abuse
This h/a is ipsilateral, might see ptosis, and possible pupillary constriction.
Cluster
When performing opthalmoscopy, you are looking for ___ and ___ mass.
papilloedema, intracranial
Palpation of the head is only done if pt is ___. For example, head pain, trauma, etc.
symptomatic
When performing PE, assess ___ strength, ___, ___, and ___.
motor, balance, gait, DTR
Upon inspection of the head, observe pt’s ___ expressions and look for ___ mvmnts. Observe the ___ and ___.
facial, involuntary, hair, scalp
Upon palpation, palpate w/___ pads. palpate the ___, temporal arteries for ___, and hair for ___, which may be present in thyroid dis or steroid conditions.
finger, skull, bruits, coarseness
Tension, migraines with and w/out auras, mixed h/a, cluster, and benign exertional h/a are all ___ headaches.
primary
___ h/a tend to be bilat and have hat-band distribution.
Tension
___ h/a is typically unilateral.
Cluster
___ ___ h/a last anywhere from several seconds to 30 mins and are d/t sneezing, coughing, running, orgasm, or other exertional exercises.
Benign exertional
Sinusitis, dental disorders, pharyngitis, otitis media, and meningitis are all ___ h/a d/t ___ origin.
secondary, infection
Trigeminal neuralgia, optic neuritis, cervical spinal disorders, and temporal arteritis are all ___ h/a d/t ___ origin.
secondary, neurogenic
CO poisoning, hypoglycemia, drug withrawal, and dietary ingestion (aged cheese, MSG, processed meats) are all h/a d/t ___ origin.
metabolic
IC tumor, hydrocephalus, brain abscess, intracerebral hemorrhage are all h/a d/t ___ origin.
cerebrovascular
If infant under 3 months of age develops AOM, typically at ___ risk of dev again.
higher
Infants using bottle while laying down ___ risk of ear inf.
increases
Systemic dis such as DM, dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, and non-repaired cleft palate ___ risk of ear infection.
increase
Pain is elicited upon palpation of canal, tragus, or pinna and may see itching w/___ ___.
otitis externa
Pain is unilateral and kids tug/pull at ear w/___ ___.
otitis media
Discharge of ear is more likely w/___ ___ or ___ otitis media.
otitis externa, perforated
Itching of ear presents in ___ ___ or ___ ___.
herpes zoster, otitis externa
Suspect a ___ ___ is child has recent difficulty hearing.
foreign object
Related body systems for ear infection include: ___ for sinuses and lymph nodes, ___ for jaw pain or h/a, and CN ___, ___, and ___.
HENT, TMJ, V, VII, IX
Healthy TM appears pearly ___ and ___. Should see landmarks behind it, including handle of ___, ___, and ___ of light.
gray, translucent, malleus, umbo, cone
Cone of light reflection will appear at ___ in Lt ear and ___ in Rt ear. (Runs along jaw line)
7:00, 5:00
___ pressure should move TM when performing pneumatic otoscopy. ___ (fluid in middle ear) will hamper TM mobility.
Air, effusion
A ___ assessment can be performed by asking pt to close eyes while you place your fingers a few cm from either ear and rub finger tips together, noting for ability to hear.
crude
The ___ test if where you stand behind the pt and whisper a few single syllable words in one ear, then the other and have pt repeat back.
whisper
2 tests to detect hearing deficit include ___ and ___.
Weber, Rinne
The ___ tests for unilateralization, where the tuning fork is placed on top of head midline.
Weber
The ___ tests for bone to air conduction, where tuning fork is placed on mastoid process behind ear.
Rinne
The passage of sound from outside to the level of the 8th CN, including sound thru external canal and middle ears is ___.
conduction
The transmission of sound thru the 8th nerve to the brain is ___.
senorineural
OE, OM, serous otitis, cholesteatoma, mastoiditis, foreign bodies, cerumen impaction, trauma, cervical lymphadenitis, TMJ, and referred pain from cervical or cranial nerves can all be examples of ___ ___ for “earache”.
differential dx
