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Physical Diagnosis Exam 1 > HENT > Flashcards

HENT Flashcards

1
Q

Visual Acuity

A

CN11

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2
Q

Hearing

A

CNVIII

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3
Q

EOMs

A

CN III, IV, VI

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4
Q

Facial expression

A

CN VII

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5
Q

Mastication

A

CN V

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6
Q

Soft touch face

A

CN V

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7
Q

Soft plate

A

CN IX, X

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8
Q

Movement of tongue

A

CN XII

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9
Q

Head and movement

A

CN XI

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10
Q

Alopecia Areata

A

autoimmune, hair loss

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11
Q

Androgenic alopecia

A

Receding, thinning hair

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12
Q

Inspect hair for

A

Lice, nits, hair loss, seborrheic dermatitis

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13
Q

Face inspection

A

Asymmetry, lesions, rashes, swelling

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14
Q

Facies

A

Cushings syndrome

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15
Q

Acromegaly

A

large bones, elongated, prominant, growth hormone

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16
Q

Myedema

A

periorbital edema, hair is thin,severe hypothyroidism

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17
Q

Nephrotic syndrome

A

edematous, slitlike eyes, swelling around eyes

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18
Q

Cushing

A

moon facies, red cheeks

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19
Q

Parotid gland

A

swelling around parotid gland, anterior lobes, above angles of jaw,

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20
Q

Parkinsons

A

decreased facial movement, drooling, masklike,

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21
Q

Palpation of Face

A

tenderness, palpate sinuses

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22
Q

TMJ palpation

A

listen for clicks and check ROM, open close, side to side, chench teeth CNV

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23
Q

CV V sensory test

A

touch 3 areas (opthalmic, maxillary, mandibular), touch all 3 areas using cotton tip

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24
Q

Facial CN VII

A

Raise eyebrows

Squint, smile, frown, puff out cheek

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25
Q

Bells Palsy

A

7th nerve, droop, flattened nasolabial fold,

-tape eye shut while sleeping to prevent corneal abrasion

idiopathic

-dx between stroke, ask if forehead wrinkle remains

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26
Q

Assessing Temporal Artery

A

palpate

assess bruis

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27
Q

Giant cell arteritis

A

PMR, elevated ESR
Jaw claudication, HA

adults >50

-increase risk of stroke and blindness with increase of PMR

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28
Q

Eye anatomy

A

Pupil, medial canthus, limbus, lateral canthus

Lacrimal apparatus: sac, gland, puncta, nasolacrimal duct

29
Q

Eyelid anatomy

A

Tarsal plates, Meibomian glands (sebaceous)

Bulbar conjunctiva: covers anterior eyeball

Palpebral conjunctiva: covers inner eyelides

30
Q

Snellen Chart

A

test central vision at 20 feet

myopia

31
Q

Rosembaum

A

14 inches

presbyopia (impaired near vision)

32
Q

Lacrimal apparatus

A

look for excess tearing/dryness

33
Q

Bulbar conjunctiva

A

injection, icterus

34
Q

Palpebral conjunctiva

A

pallor

35
Q

Pupils

A

look for equality and pupillary reaction

near far accomodation

-convergence: both eyes moving at same time

36
Q

Pupils PERRL

A

Equal round reactive to light

37
Q

Miosis

A

excessive constriction

38
Q

Mydriasis

A

excessive dilation

39
Q

Anisocoria

A

pupils unequal size

40
Q

Direct pupillary reflex

A

pupil constricts on same side as light

41
Q

Consensual pupillary light reflex

A

constriction in opposite eye

42
Q

Near-far accommodation

A

Patient focuses on object 10 cm away then focus on object 6 feet away

watch for pupilary constriction with near effort, dilation with distance

Narrows with near

Dilates with distance

43
Q

Extraocular Muscles (EOMI) H pattern

A

Draw H pattern,

just move eyes

watch for nystagmus» seen in neuro conditions

-convergence with near vision after H pattern

44
Q

Extraocular Movements

A

Lateral Rectus: CNVI

Superior Oblique CNIV

Others CNIII

45
Q

Corneal Light Reflex

A

Shine light into patients eyes, tests for conjugate gage

46
Q

Eyelid examination

A

edema, lesions, width of palpebral fissures

  • Ptosis seen with CNIII (drooping eyelid)
  • Incomplete closure with CNVII
47
Q

Chalazion

A

Nontender blocked gland points inside eyelid

48
Q

Hordeolum (Stye)

A

Tender, red infection, margin of eyelid

Staph aureus

Inner eyelid:Obstructed Meibomian gland

Outer lid: obstructed eyelash follicle or tear gland

49
Q

Dacryocystitis (Lacrimal Sac Inflammation)

A

Nasolacrimal sac, secondary block of nasolacrimal duct

swelling between base of nose and eye

50
Q

Causes of periorbital edema

A

Contact dermatitis

Allergic reaction

Cellulitis

Trauma

51
Q

Entropion

A

Inward lid

irritation of conjunctiva, cornea

elderly

52
Q

Ectropion

A

outward turning

elderly

tearing excess

53
Q

Pingueculum

A

Yellow triangular growth, harmless, vision WNL

54
Q

Pterygium

A

Interfere with vision

pterygium wing across eye

slowly across cornea

55
Q

Scleral Icterus

A

Yellow discoloration of sclera, elevated bilirubin

Jaundiced skin

56
Q

Xanthelasma

A

raised, yellow, well-circumscribed cholesterol filled plaques around eyelids

HLD

57
Q

Conjuctivitis

A

Viral vs bacterial

Allergic vs irritant

58
Q

Exopthalmos

A

abnormal protrusion of eyeball, lid retraction,

Graves disease (thyroid)

Thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism) is 1/3 lateral third of eyebrow

59
Q

Episcleritis

A

Self limiting

benign

localized ocular inflammation of episceleral
vessels

autoimmune

60
Q

Subconjuctival Hemorrhage

A

hx of cough, sneeze

self limiting,

asymptomatic

goes away

61
Q

Hyphema

A

secondary trauma

vision threatening

alot more blood

anterior chamber blood

62
Q

Corneal Abrasion

A

foreign body, photophobia, increase lacrimation, contacts

scratch on eye

63
Q

Corneal Chemical Burn

A

hx of liquid of gas

immediate prolonged irrigation

64
Q

Eye puncture

A

puncture wound with hemorrhage and asymmetric, non reactive dilated pupil

65
Q

Cataract

A

older age

RF: corticosteroid use, ETOH, smoking, DM

clouding of lens
causes painless progressive of vision loss

66
Q

Cobalt filter

A

fluorescein staining to visualize lesions

67
Q

Tips for opthalmic exam

A

Darken room

use small or large round beam of light on scope

Disc to 0 diopters, ask patient to look over shoulder at fixed point

Follow blood, vessels centrally to find optic disc, adjust diopter dial to adjust focus

Cup to disc ratio 1:2

Veins are larger and darker than arteries

68
Q

Hand positioning

A

R hand, R eye Pt R eye

Physical Diagnosis Exam 1 (4 decks)

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