Henry VIII's Foreign Policy Flashcards
Who influenced Henry VIII to establish peace with France in 1510?
Henry’s councillors influenced him to renew the Treaty of Etaples in 1510
Which countries were involved in the Holy League?
England Spain The Holy Roman Empire Venice The Papacy
All against France
When did Henry VIII first invade France, how big was his army and was Ferdinand using him?
Henry first invaded France in 1512.
His army was the size of around 10,000 men.
Ferdinand of Aragon (Spain) was using Henry as a diversionary tactic, so that he could successfully conquer Navarre in North Spain.
What did Henry achieve in the Battle of Spurs in 1513?
He captured two towns in France, including Tournai.
In reality this was a small victory that didn’t really amount to anything.
Why was the Battle of Flodden in 1513 so successful for Henry?
James IV, the King of Scotland, died in battle, leaving the crown in the hands of his infant son James V.
Even though Henry was successful in this battle, he did nothing about the advantage that Flodden had put him in.
What did the military adventures of 1513 cost Henry?
- Henry had to liquidate some of his father’s assets to pay for the costly wars.
- Resentment towards taxation in the north (Yorkshire especially), nearly causing a revolt.
- The renegotiated French pension was lost.
- Tournai was sold back to the French for less than the English had paid to repair its defences for.
Who succeeded the French throne after the death of Louis XII?
Francis I
When did Ferdinand of Aragon (Spain) die and who succeeded him?
He died in 1516.
He was succeeded by Charles V
Why was the Treaty of Cambrai such a disaster for Henry?
The treaty was an alliance created in 1517 between Ferdinand I (France) and Emperor Maximilian (Holy Roman Empire).
It was a disaster for Henry since it left him isolated against all major powers.
What was the Treaty of London and when was it established?
1518
The Treaty of London was created by Wolsey and created general European peace.
How long did the Field of Cloth and Gold last, and how much did it cost?
Occurred in June 1520.
The event cost Henry’s royal treasury £15,000
Why did Henry choose to side with Charles V (Spain) when conflict broke out between Spain and France in 1521?
- So that Henry could improve his relations with the Pope.
- He thought that he would be able to gain territory in France.
- He could ensure a marriage alliance between his daughter Mary and the Emperor.
Why was the Break from Rome damaging to Henry’s foreign policy?
All of the major powers were Catholic.
Why was Wolsey’s trade embargo with Spain bad for England?
Charles V retaliated, leaving England in a social and economic mess. Wolsey had to end the embargo.
Why did Henry’s position in Europe improve in 1536?
Catherine of Aragon had died, and Anne Boleyn was executed, opening up possibilities of a renewed marriage alliance.
There was also a renewal of fighting between Charles and Francis.
