Henry VIII LATER Foreign Policy Flashcards
1
Q
How were relations with the Holy Roman Empire successful?
A
- Death of Catherine of Aragon made relations between Charles and Henry ease
- Continuing war between France and HRE made catholic crusade unlikely
- 1542 Anglo Imperial Treaty: Henry sides with HRE due to traditional rivalry with France - eliminates threat of crusade
2
Q
How were relations with the Holy Roman Empire NOT successful?
A
- Before this formal agreement, catholic crusade was still feared so £376,477 was spent fortifying Calias
Cost of defences overshadowed efforts
3
Q
How was policy with Scotland successful?
A
- Henry sent a huge army led by Norfolk to attack Scotland - huge victory at Solway Moss 1542 capturing many Scottish nobles
- Seymour led a series of border raids against Scottish towns which were often set alight - the plan being to try and force the Scots into agreeing to the Treaties of Greenwhich
4
Q
How was policy with Scotland NOT successful?
A
- Scottish parliament rejected the Treaties and married Mary to the French Dauphin which reinforced the Auld Alliance meaning border raids could continue when England were preoccupied with fighting the French
- Seymour was not given enough troops to inflict serious damage - made Scots more determined to oppose England
5
Q
How was policy with France successful?
A
- In 1544 Henry led a 48,000 man army to capture Boulogne - symbolic victory as this was more than Charles or Francis had achieved during this period - also a strategic victory as Boulogne would be useful in defending Calais
- 1546 Treaty of Camp/Ardres agreed England could keep Boulogne for 7 years and France had to pay all outstanding payments from the French pension
6
Q
How was policy with France NOT successful?
A
- Henry spent £2mil on war in the 1540s forcing him to take loans, debase the coinage, and tax heavily
- France and HRE signed the 1544 Treaty of Crepy ending their conflict thus making England vulnerable to attack from France
