HENRY VIII GOVERNMENT Flashcards
RENEWED EMPHASIS ON _________ _______ ________ WHICH MADE _ COMEBACKS AT LATER STAGES IN THE REIGN (DATES)
WHAT WAS WOLSEY ADEPT AT USING?
WHAT DID CROMWELL DEVELOP HIS ROLE AS?
- GOVERNING THROUGH COUNCILS, 2 , (1529-32) (1540-47)
- STAR CHAMBER
- PRINCIPAL SECRETARY
WHEN WAS WOLSEY APPOINTED AS ______ BY POPE ___ _?
WHEN WAS HE APPOINTED AS _____ ______? WHEN WAS THIS CONFIRMED FOR LIFE?
CARDINAL BY POPE LEO X IN 1515
PAPAL LEGATE 1918, 1924
WHAT BROUGHT AN END TO COUNCILIAR APPROACH?
WHAT DID WOLSEY ACOMPLISH IN THE PRIVY CHAMBER BY ____?
WHAT POSITION DID WOLSEY HAVE? CH WHAT DID HE USE THIS FOR?
- RELUCTANCE OF FATHERS SENIOR COUNCILLORS TO GO TO WAR WITH FRANCE
- IMPRESSED BY ORGANISATIONAL SKILLS OF WOLSEY
- REMOVED KINGS MINIONS AND REPLACED THEM WITH HI OWN SUPPORTERS 1519
- LORD CHANCELLOR
- USE COURTS TO DEAL WITH PROBLEMS OF ENCLOSURE
WOLSEY POLICIES:
COURT OF STAR CHAMBER- DATE, WHAT WAS IT
COURT OF CHANCERY- WHAT WAS IT
- STAR CHAMBER- 1516-CHEAP IMPARTIAL JUSTICE, CORRUPTION WAS TO BE ROOTED OUT
- CHANCERY- CASES DEALT WITH PROPERTY, WILLS AND CONTRACTS, HAD HUGE DEMAND
WOLSEY FINANCE:
ACT OF R… DATE AND WHAT IT SAY?
THE ______ (TYPE OF TAX) WHY WAS IT USED?HOW MUCH DID WOLSEY RAISE?
THE A______ G____, DATE, WHY WAS IT USED, REACTION.
HOW MUCH WAS RAISED BY CLERICAL TAXATION AND FORCED LOANS?
HOW MUCH WAS EXPENDITURE 1509-1520?
ACT OF RESUMPTION, 1515
-INCREASE REVENUE FROM CROWN LANDS BY RETURNING SOME LANDS TO THE CROWN
THE SUBSIDY TAX-MORE REALISTIC TAX BASED ON ACCURATE VALUATIONS OF THE TAXPAYERS WEALTH
£322,000 RAISED
AMICABLE GRANT 1525, INSUFFICIENT PAYMENT FROM THE SUBSIDY MEANT AN UNPARLIAMENTRY TAX WAS REQUIRED. NEEDED TO PAY FOR FRENCH EXPEDITION. ALMOST AMMOUNTED TO A REBLLION
£240,000 IN CLERICAL TAXATION
£260,000 IN FORCED LOANS
EXPENDITURE 1509-20 WAS 1.7 MILLION
WOLSEY ADMINISTRATION: DATE WHAT DID HE WANT TO REFORM? WHAT DID WOLSEY SECURE? WHO DID WOLSEY REPLACE WITH WHO IN WHAT POSITION?
1526
REFORM FINANCES OF PRIVY COUNCIL
SECURED A REDUCTION IN THE NUMBER OF GENTLEMEN IN THE PRIVY CHAMBER
REPLACEMENT OF SIR WILLIAM COMPTON WITH HENRY NORRIS AS GROOM OF THE STOOL
WHY DID HENRY WANT A DIVORCE?
WHAT WAS THE BIBLICAL JUSTIFICATION FOR THE DIVORCE?
WHAT WAS CATHERINES ARGUEMENT?
WHO WAS THE POPE AT THIS TIME?
WHY DIDNT THE POPE GRANT THE PAPAL DISPENSATION?
CATHERINE WAS PAST CHILDBEARING AGE AND HAD NOT PRODUCED A LEGITIMATE MALE HEIR.
LEVITICUS CHAPER 20 VERSE 16- CANT MARRY YOUR BROTHERS WIDOW OR YOU WONT HAVE KIDS
MARRIAGE HAD NEVER BEEN CONSUMATED
POPE CLEMENT VII 1529
SACK OF ROME, UNDER THE CONTROL OF CHARLES V
AFTER _ ____ __ _________ __________ (____-____) THE POPE SENT WHO?
WHEN WAS THE HEARING OPENED?
WHEN DID HE ADJOURN IT?
2 YEARS OF FRUITLESS DIPLOMACY, 1527-29 THE POPE SENT CARDINAL CAMPEGGIO
STARTED 15 JUNE 1529
ENDED 30 JULY
WHY WAS WOLSEY UNPOPULAR?
WHAT WAS HE CHARGED WITH? WHEN?
WHEN WAS HE ARRESTED? HOW DID HE DIE
SUBSIDY THROUGH PARLIAMENT AND AMICABLE GRANT
OCTOBER 1529- CHARGED WITH PRAEMUNIRE
1530, DIED OF NATURAL CAUSES
WHEN DID CROMWELL BECOME CHIEF MINISTER?
UNDER CROMWELL THE ROLE OF THE _____ _________ DIMINISHED
PARLIAMENTS ROLE IN GOVERNMENT DEVELOPED WHEN…
WHAT WAS THE DIVORCE AND THE BREAK WITH ROME ACCOMPLISHED BY?
1532
ROYAL HOUSEHOLD
DEVELOPED 1529-36 WHEN THE REFORMATION PARLIAMENT WAS IN SESSION
STATUTE OF LAW/ACTS OF PARLIAMENT
WEAKNESSES OF THE CHURCH THAT ALLOWED THE BREAK WITH ROME:
- HUM…
- COLLE…
- CATHOLIC CHURCH AS AN ISTITUTION WEAKENED BY HUMANISM, EG CRITICISMS OF COLET AND ERASMUS OR ANTICLERICAL SATIRE OF SIMON FISH
- COLLECTANEA SATIS COPIOSA- COLLECTION OF HISTORICAL DOCUMETS COMPILED BY CAMBRIDGE THEOLOGIANS THAT LOOKED TO JUSTIFY THE DIVORCE ON HISTORICAL AND LEGAL PRINCIPLES
CROMWELL: LAW AND ORDER
WHAT WAS IN THE ACT AND DATE- ACT ABOLOSHING WHAT?
ACT ABOLISHING SANCTUARY 1540
PRIVY COUNCIL:CROMWELL
HOW MANY PPL SERVED A COUNCILLORS?
SMALLER GROUP?DATE?
IMPORTANCE?
70 SERVED BY PRIVY COUNCIL
1536-SMALLER GROUP OF 20 CONDUCTED BUISNESS OF GOVERNMENT IN ITS DAILY WORKINGS
DABATABLE WHETHER THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL INCREASED UNDER CROMWELL
WALES AND THE NORTH:CROMWELL
WHAT ACT MADE WALES… DATE?
SECOND WELSH ACT…D. DATE
AUTHORITY OF WHAT INCREASED…FROM WHEN?
ACT OF UNION 1536- WALES INCORPERATED INTO ENGLISH LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM
1543 ACT DIVIDED WALES INTO SHIRES WITH JPS APPOINTED BY THE KING, WALES TO SEND 24 MPs TO PARLIAMENT, ENGLISH COMMON LAW WAS TO BE LAW OF THE LAND
AUTHORITY OF COUNCIL OF THE NORTH INCREASED AFTER THE PILGRIMAGE OF GRACE 1536
CROMWELLS FALL:
ANNE…
ACCUSATION
EXECUTION DATE
BURNING OF WHO? WHEN?
CROMWELL ALREADY UNPOPULAR
HENRY DIDNT FIND ANNE ATTRACTIVE, AND THE MATCH HAD BECOME UNWELCOME POLITICALLY
MARRIAGE ANNULLED DESTROYING CROMWELLS CREDIBILITY
CROMWELL ACCUSED OF HERESY AT A COUNCIL MEETING
EXECUTED JULY 1540
2 DAYS LATER (1540) 3 PROTESTANT THEOLOGIANS, AND EXECUTION OF 3 CATHOLIC PRIESTS WHO DENIED ROYAL SUPREMACY.
