Henry Vii Government Flashcards
Councils function (3)
Advice the king
Administer the realm on kings behalf
Make legal judgements
Who was John Morton (4)
Worked under Edward IV
Worked against Richard
Promoted to Archbishop of Canterbury in 1486
Cardinal 1493
Sir Reginald bray (3)
Led the council learned in law
More powerful than most nobles
Henry ‘chief executive’
Council during Henry reign (3)
No rules or procedures
Permanent body with core membership
Members met separately
What was the great council (5)
Gathering of House of Lords meeting without House of Commons
No clear function
Occasional rather than permanent body
Met 5 times during Henry reign
Concerned with issues of war or rebellion
What was the council learned (2)
Main offshoot of the council
Function = maintain kings revenue and exploit his prerogative rights (power w/o parliament consent)
What did the council learned make work
The system of bonds and recognisances
Why was council learned important
Maintained of kings authority as it was for raising finances
Council learned - Richard empson (2)
Lawyer and bureaucrat
Identified with the increasing ruthlessness of Henry’s regime
Who was Edmund Dudley (2)
Role was to exploit financial opportunities
Made influential enemies
Edmund Dudley and Richard empson (3)
Raised the extraction of money from the kings subjects to an art
Their downfall was rejoiced
Feared and unpopular financial control
What was the centre of gov
Royal court
What was personal monarchy (4)
Medieval monarchy = personal
The political power and influence of someone depended on their relationship with the monarch
Access to the king was main determinant of power
Through royal court the king was accessed
What was the chamber (2)
Private areas of court
Collection of royal revenues
The lord chamberlain (4)
Member of kings council
Friend of king
Admin and political power
Responsible for organising court ceremonies
Privy chamber (3)
Comprising of personal servants of king
Direct access to the king
Had more influence
What was the household responsible for
Looking after the king, courtiers and guests
How did the chamber work
Chamberlain oversaw the chamber
What was and why a considerable blow to king (2)
Lord chamberlain William Stanley = plot to help Warbeck in 1495
Chamberlain = great power and considerable level of trust
Henry’s response to traitor in chamber (2)
Remodel the chamber by creating the pricy chamber
More difficult to get access to the king
How many parliaments called by Henry
Seven
Five met in first 10 years of his reign + 2 in remaining 14 years
What was Henry’s parliament concerned with (2)
Pass laws
Grant taxation
Fifteenths and tenths
Standard form of taxation
Extraordinary revenue
Money raised by king for additional sources as one off payments in an emergency
What were bonds and recognisances (2)
Bonds = legal doc which bound and individual to another to perform a forfeit
Recognisances = formal acknowledgment of debt or other obligation
What did Henry rely of JPs for (3)
Maintain law and order in countryside
Met 4 times a year to administer justice through the quarter sessions
Local unpaid gentry
How did he restore law and order (4)
Forcing subjects to take out bonds and recognisances
Some = genuine debts owed to crown
Many = purely political
Bonds used to enforce order and obedience
Sources of royal income(6)
Crown lands
Profits from feudal dues and exercise of royal prerogative
Customs revenue
Pensions from powers
Profits of justice
Extraordinary revenue
Income increase end of Henry’s reign (2)
12,000 per year
42000 per year
Why’s as Henry’s income low at start (2)
Income from lands = collected by inefficient court of Exchequer
1492 = Henry reverted to edwards sytem if admin = chamber
Customs revenue (2)
Tonnage and poundage granted for life after Henry’s first parliament
34000 to 38000
Pensions from powers (2)
Treaty of Etaples 1492
5000 per annum
Profits of justice = fines and incomes from bonds
1504 and 1507 = 200,000 promised to king but not all collected
Extraordinary revenue - how much
Raised £400,000
What did Henry leave money wise (2)
Plate and jewels = 300,000
10,000 in cash
How much money did Henry borrow in loans - paid back
203,000
How many knights of the garter created
37
Crown lands increased
5 times
Example of acts of attainder (2)
Henry passed 138
Only refused 46
What was act of attainder
Families losing the right to inherit land
Exmaple of bonds and recognisances
Thomas grey recognisances of up to 10,000 if his loyalty was not upheld
Feudal dues example (3)
Katherine dowager
Fined around 7000 in 1496
Married without kings license
