Henry VII Flashcards
what did HVII do with richard III’s noblemen supporters who survived bosworth
imprisoned
how did HVII deal with his weak claim to the throne in 1485
Had a coranation as soon as possible
married elizabeth of york
strived to impress with architecture etc.
in 1485 what was henry’s solution to deal with remaining yorkist heirs
- imprisoned earl of warwick
- marry elizabeth of york
- keep an eye on the de la poles
how did Henry VII reward his supporters
gave them land but not too much
who did HVII have debts to at the start of his reign and why
France and Brittany, both had supplied troops for the battle of bosworth
why did HVII wait until after his coronation to marry elizabeth
so it couldnt be claimed he owed the crown to his wife
what year did HVII and elizabeth of york marry
1486
what year did elizabeth of york die
1503
when was prince arthur born and when did he die
born 1486
died 1502
why did HVII date his reign before the battle of bosworth
all yorkists could be declared traitors . the crown could take yorkist property
what were HVII’s aims name 3
- establish right to the throne
- control the nobility
- strenghten the crowns control of england
what did HVII need to secure the tudor dynasty
male heir. get rid of other potential heirs, too
Who did perkin warbeck pretend to be
Richard Duke of York one of the princes in the tower
what year did perkin warbeck arrive in ireland
1491
where was perkin warbeck from why was this significant
flanders, same place as margaret of burgundy.
since he wasnt english he could not be tried for treason
who gave perkin warbeck support in ireland
the earl of kildare
how did france help perkin warbeck in 1492 and how did HVII respond
charles VIII, recognises perkin as king and invites him to french court.
Henry negotiates treaty of etaples - perkin has to leave
who gives perkin support in 1493, how does hvii respond
margaret of burgundy
henry responds with a trade embargo w burgundy
when was the treaty of etaples, which country was it with and why did it take place
1492
france
perkin warbeck needed to be kicked out of france
who recognised warbeck as king in 1494
maximillion, holy roman emperor
name every country which supported perkin warbeck
Ireland, France, Flanders, Holy Roman Empire, Scotland
where does perkin warbeck try to invade from in 1495 and why does it fail
kent - hvii knew his plans
who recognises perkin warbeck as king in 1495
James IV of scotland
who was executed during the perkin warbeck crisis and why
Sir william stanley
Henry realises that he is giving information to perkin
where did perkin warbeck attempt his second invasion from in 1497 and why did it fail
scotland- unable to gather support
after perkin warbeck’s third and final attempt at invasion where does he seek sanctuary
an abbey. he eventually gives himself in
what happened with perkin warbeck in 1498, who could have been involved
a failed escape from the tower
the real earl of warwick may have plotted with him
when was perkin warbeck executed and who was executed alongside him
1499
the real earl of warwick
(now that hes dead, no one can impersonate him, cough , lambert simnel)
what strengths did the perkin warbeck uprising reveal about hvii
- english people didnt join the rebellion
- lowered support for rebellion in ireland
- henry has more intelligence than he once did
- earl of warwick is now dead
what weaknesses did the perkin warbeck uprising reveal about hvii
- went on for a long time
- nobility eg. stanley going against him
- instability put his sons marriage deal at risk
- foreign involvement
- henry becoming more paranoid
in 1497 perkin warbeck allied himself to James IV of scotland, what was this truce called
the truce of Ayton
What seperated edmund de la pole from Lambert simnel and perkin warbeck
he had a genuine claim to the throne
what greivances did edmund de la pole have against Henry VII
- lost some land to the crown
- had to pay a releif of £5,000
- demoted from duke to earl
when did edmund de la pole flee england and where did he go
1501
holy roman empire
when edmund de la pole fled , what did Henry VII do
1501- arrested his family and friends
1506- negotioated the handing over of edmund from the HRE, agreeing not to execute him
who organised the lambert simnel uprising
john de la pole / earl of lincoln
with the help of margaret of burgundy
who did lambert simnel pose as in 1486
the young earl of warwick - who henry had locked up
why was lambert simnel sent to ireland and what happened there
there was still support for yorkist cause in ireland. the earl of kildare gave him support
how did margaret of burgundy help the lambert simnel uprising
she gave them 2,000 german mercinaries
when was the lambert simnel rebellion and the perkin warbeck rebellion respectively
lambert simnel: 1486-7 lasted 1 year
perkin warbeck: 1491-7 (executed in 1499)
lasted 7 years
when was the battle of stoke and who won (henry vs. lincoln)
1487
henry won
how long did it take henry to realise the lambert simnel rebellion was taking place and what does this say about his security
months after it started
intelligence failiure
what was the stafford and lovell rebellion and when did it take place
1486 , a yorkist uprising agains henry VII. led by lovell and tthe two stafford brothers
what did lovell and stafford do after the battle of bosworth in 1485
fled battle. spent 8 months in sanctuary and left trying to raise a rebellion in 1486
what were the aims of yorkist supporters such as stafford and lovell and what issue did they face
their aim was to put a yorkist king back on the throne, but they had no candidate
why did the stafford and lovell rebellion lead the pope to criticise hvii
- the stafford brothers hid in an abbey
- they were forced out and tried for treason, one executed
- the pope argued hvii had violated the sanctuary of the church
what did hvii do to guarantee good behaviour from his nobility
bonds and recognisances
what did hvii not offer to many noblemen
patronage/ titles
he only made three earls.
what had weakened law and order prior to hviis reign
wars of the roses
corrupt landowners
over mighty nobles
court of chancery
heard cases about feudal land disputes and complaints about mistakes made by the crown.
although the king could not be sued mistakes were acknowledged and given compensation
court of equity
the monarch could dispense justice if the law was unable to deal with a crime adequately
eg. if defendant was powerful locally making juries scared to convict
when was the star chamber created
1497
what did the court of star chamber do
prosecute rioting, rebellion, retaining, corruption of justice
JPs/ justices of the peace
responsible for implimenting laws, gov policies and public order. around 18 per county.
HVII gave them more powers
when did HVII give power to justices of the peace
1487 - they could grant bail
1495- they could vet juries and replace juries thought to have been bribed
how often were JPS/ justices of the peace appointed and what trend was seen over henrys reign
annually
increasingly chose less important landowners
examples of ordinary revenue
releif - a tax paid upon inheriting land
wardship - revenue of underage heirs to land
rents , sales, crops from crown lands
when was the act of resumption and what was it
1486
reclaimed all crown lands that had been given away since the start of the wars of the roses
extraordinary revenue
-bonds and recognisances
-loans + benevolences
-feudal dues on specific occasions eg. marriage of monarchs daughter, knighting of his son
- special taxes
what did the council learned in law do to increase extraordinary revenues
investigated and enforced long- forgotten feudal dues, as well as bonds and recognisances
why was the star chamber established and was it used often under hvii
deal with threats to englands stability
it was not used often
what were retainers
men who served the leading nobles, acting like a private army
how did henry vii limit nobles maintaining retainers
set quotas
required them to pay licenses
when did parliament allow extra taxation for foreign policy
1489 - brittany
1491/2 - france
when was the yorkshire rebellion
1489
why did henry want to raise taxes during the yorkshire rebellion 1489
fund a campaign in brittany
who was murdered during the yorkshire rebellion and who did Hvii replace him with
Earl of northumberland
replaced with earl of surrey
during the 1489 yorkshire rebellion hvii wanted to raise £100,000, how much did he actually get
£29,000
when was the cornish rebellion
1497
how did hvii deal with the cornish rebellion
he ruthlessly put an end to it. the leaders were executed, hung, drawn and quartered
Why did hvii want to raise taxes during the 1497 cornish rebellion
wage a campaign against king james IV of scotland and perkin warbeck
what were HVII’s foreign policy aims initially and how did he follow them
establish legitimacy.
he sought truces with foreign powers, reducing chances of war and allowing him to focus on politics at home
what was the 1485 navigation acts and what did it do
no english merchants were to use foreign ships to transport goods if an english ship was available
this boosted english shipping
When Did HVII first make a truce with scotland
1486
what did james IV of scotland give to perkin warbeck in 1495
a £1,200 p/a pension and marriage to james’s cousin.
what did James IV and perkin warbeck do in 1497 and what did it end with
disastrously invaded england
Henry VII and James signed the truce of ayton, which became the treaty of perpetual peace in 1502.
which treaty became the treaty of perpetual peace in 1502?
the 1497 treaty of ayton between england and scotland
what alliance did Henry make with James IV in 1503
a marriage alliance with his daughter margaret and james IV
what treaty ended margaret of burgundy’s support of perkin warbeck
1496 magnus intercursus with phillip duke of burgundy and henry vii
What was the treaty of redon 1489
a treaty to protect brittany against france.
what was the breton crisis
france took control of brittany which was against hviis interests
which treaty ended the breton crisis and in what year
1492 treaty of etaples. It also gave henry an annual income and guarantee that france would not shelter any english rebels
when did hvii join the holy league and what did the league do.
1496
an alliance of frances rivals in the wars for land in italy. however england remained neutral in the fighting and maintained a relationship with france.
When was the treaty of medina del campo signed, what did it promise
1489 . spain and england would not make treaties with france without sounding the other out first.
Prince arthur and Catherin e of aaragon would marry.
Equal trading rights.
when did prince arthur and catherine of aaragon marry
1501
When did henry viis daughter margaret marry james vi of scotland
1503
which marriage was called off in 1513
henry viis other daughter mary had been betrothed to charles of burgundy.
when did prince arthur die
1502
what happened in spain in 1504 and how did affect relations 1504-1509
isabelle of castile died
spains future was uncertain so hvii looked for a better match for hviii, while also refusing to let catherine of aaragon or her dowry return to spain
when did hvii die
1509
when was the treaty of redon and who was it with
1489, with brittany to aid against france
what was the agreement with the treaty of redon and what did it suggest
henry sent 6,000 men to aid brittany.
the small number suggests he was reluctant to enter conflict with france
give a reason for and against hvii fighting france
+ it was in the security interests of england to stop the whole of the channel coast coming under french control
- france had given henry financial aid to seize the throne in 1485
How long was Henry VII king before he faced rebellion
And what was the first rebellion he faced
1 year
Lovell conspiracy
Did the Lovell conspiracy prevent Henrys progress to the north
No
What did Yorkshire suffer from in. 1488 that affected their rebellion in 1489
Suffered from a bad harvest
Why had northern counties other than Yorkshire been exempt from Henry’s tax against France in 1489
They were expected to defend the northern borders against scotland
Who led the Yorkshire rebellion and what did he support
Sir John egremont
Yorkists
B.
