Henry VII Flashcards
1
Q
Lambert Simnel (1487)
A
- Impersonated Edward, Earl of Warwick
- Crowned King Edward in Ireland
- Fled to the court of Margaret of Burgundy, where she was persuaded to support Simnel and pay for a force of mercenaries
- Henry neutralised yorkist support by reinstating the Earl of Northumberland
- Mercenary army defeated at Battle of Stoke
2
Q
Bonds and recognisances:
A
The policy of providing lump sums of money to landowners which they didn’t have to repay if they behaved well.
3
Q
Perkin Warbeck (1491-9)
A
- Claimed to be Richard. Duke of York
- Fled to the court of Margaret of Burgundy, trained to be a potential prince
- Fled to court of James IV of Scotland
- Tried to invade England with a small Scottish force but retreated. James agreed to marry Henry’s daughter.
- tried to exploit the Cornish rebellion, but forces crushed.
- Warbeck was supported by Sir William Stanley, Lord Chamberlain.
4
Q
Council learned in Law
A
- Function was to maintain King’s revenue and exploit his prerogative rights.
- Made bonds and recognisances work effectively.
- no right of appeal against it
- Empson and Dudley were responsible fro the extraction of money from subjects. they were removed and executed after Henry’s death
5
Q
Regional Government:
A
- the great magnates were only powerful in the north of England
- Stanley’s controlled the north-west of England
- Earl of Surrey ruled through Council of the North
6
Q
Relations with Brittany and France:
A
- Treaty of Redon - Henry supported Brittany’s independence but did not want to antagonise the French
- Treaty of Etaples - Charles agreed he would no longer support any pretenders to the English throne. Henry would also receive 745,000 crowns
7
Q
Relations with Burgundy, Netherlands and HRE:
A
- Following Margaret’s support for Perkin Warbeck, Henry broke trade relations with Burgundy. Embargo hurt both English and Flemish economies
- Intercursus Magnus ended trade embargo
- Marriage arranged between Henry and Philip’s sister, Margaret
- Henry VII was diplomatically isolated by not being a signatory to the League of Cambrai
8
Q
Relations with Spain:
A
- Treaty of Medina Del Campo agreed a marriage alliance between Catherine of Aragon and Prince Arthur
- Marriage did not happen until 1509
9
Q
Relations with Scotland:
A
- James IV of Scotland supported Perkin Warbeck and provided a small army to invade England in 1496. War threatened.
- Truce of Ayton (peace treaty)
- James IV married Henry’s daughter, Margaret to seal the peace treaty
10
Q
Relations with Ireland:
A
- Earl of Kildare (Lord deputy of Ireland) was a threat due to his Yorkist sympathies
- Kildare crowned Simnel King of Ireland in 1486 and supported Warbeck in 1491
- Poyning’s Law declared that the Irish Parliament needed the approval of the English monarch before it could pass laws
11
Q
Nobility:
A
- Henry distrusted the nobility as a class, and was reluctant to create new peers
- Controlled nobility through bonds and recognisances
- Act of retainers (1487) restricted the use of retainers, to serve nobility as administrators or for military purposes
12
Q
Yorkshire rebellion of 1489:
A
- Sparked by resentment over taxation granted by parliament to finance an army for the Brittany campaign
13
Q
Cornish rebellion (1497):
A
- arose from the need to finance the campaign against Scotland.
- Mob blamed the King, Morton and Bray
- estimated 15,000 involved
- Exploited by Warbeck
- Had a long term effect of Henry making sure Anglo-Scottish tensions were eased and made him cautious about entering any further conflicts
14
Q
Trade:
A
- Boost wealth through customs duties and taxes
- keen to enhance his own position by securing positive relations with foreign powers
15
Q
Navigation Acts of 1485 and 89:
A
- Only English ships could carry certain products to and from English ports; they were designed to boost the English shipbuilding industry and challenge the Hanseatic League
