Henry 7: Consolidation

Question 1

What battle did Henry 7 win?

Answer 1

Battle of Bosworth

Question 2

When was Bosworth?

Answer 2

22nd August 1485

Question 3

Who did Henry 7 defeat at Bosworth?

Answer 3

Richard III

Question 4

Which houses fought for the crown in the Wars Of The Roses?

Answer 4

House Of York (white rose)
House Of Lancaster (red rose)

Question 5

Was henry 7s claim to the throne strong or weak? Why?

Answer 5

Weak.
Descended from the illegitimate line of his mother, Margaret Beaufort.

Question 6

Who were the Yorkist claimants?

Answer 6

Elizabeth if York (Richards sister)
Edward, Earl of Warwick
John De La Pole

Question 7

Who was Richard III supposed to rule on behalf of?

Answer 7

Edward IV ‘s sons (the Princes in the Tower)

Question 8

Which house was Henry 7 from?

Answer 8

Lancaster

Question 9

Which house was Richard III from?

Answer 9

York

Question 10

Where had Henry 7 been in exile since he was 14 and why?

Answer 10

Brittany (France)
His mother knew he was a claimant so sent him to France to escape the Yorkist king

Question 11

Why was Richard 3 hated?

Answer 11

Was suspected to have killed his young nephews, the Princes in the Tower, and took their throne after his brothers death. As well as other crimes.

Question 12

Who was William Stanley to Henry 7?

Answer 12

Step uncle, later the lord Chamberlain and traitor to Henry.
Executed in 1495

Question 13

What was the significance of the Stanley’s at Bosworth?

Answer 13

Provided an army at Bosworth to fight on behalf of Henry. William aided Henry when he was confronted on the battlefield by Richard III. Helping him kill Richard and become king.

Question 14

what was Henry’s 7 character?

Answer 14

Not brought up to rule
He was shrewd, calculating and obsessed with increasing finance

Question 15

Why did Henry 7 predates his reign?

Answer 15

So that he could say that all those who fought against him at Bosworth were traitors and could be punished for it.

Question 16

Why did Henry 7 marry Elizabeth of York?

Answer 16

Would officially unite the Lancastarians and the Yorkists and help end the Wars of the Roses

Question 17

Why was henry crowned king in October 1846? A week before parliament met?

Answer 17

So it could never be said that Parliament had made Henry King. That he ruled in his own right and not his wife’s.

Question 18

Why did Henry 7 begin a progress throughout the country?

Answer 18

To secure his position and to gain admiration in more doubtful parts of the kingdom (like the North)

Question 19

Why did Henry 7 want the backing of the Pope?

Answer 19

To gain religious stability as Henry didn’t want to challenge the church’s authority.

Question 20

What did many Yorkists see Henry 7’s ride to power as?

Answer 20

Usurption

Question 21

What was Edward, Earl of Warwick’s claim to the throne?

Answer 21

Son of Edward IV’s brother, the Duke of Clarence.

Question 22

What did Henry do with the Earl of Warwick at first? (1485)

Answer 22

Had him imprisoned in the Tower of London in 1485.

Question 23

What did Henry 7 do with Edward Earl of Warwick in 1499?

Answer 23

He was beheaded for conspiring with Perkin Warbeck

Question 24

What was John De La Pole, Earl of Lincoln’s claim to the throne?

Answer 24

Nephew of Edward IV and Richard III

Question 25

What happened to John De La Pole?

Answer 25

Worked with Henry until 1485 when he fled to Bergundy. Helped Lambert Simnel's cause.

Question 26

What battle did Lincoln die at?

Answer 26

Stoke

Question 27

Why was Lincoln (Yorkist claimant) part of the simnel rebellion and plan?

Answer 27

He knew that simnel was a pretender, he'd probably kill simnel and take the crown for either himself or Warwick.

Question 28

Who was Margaret of Bergundy?

Answer 28

Sister of Edward IV and Richard III House of York Mother-in-law to the Holy Roman Emperor, Maximillian

Question 29

Name some of the threats to Henry 7's Position:

Answer 29

Lovell and the staffords Lambert Simnel and Perkin Warbeck Earl of Warwick and Earl of Lincoln 'The White Rose' (Edmund (Suffolk) and Richard De La Pole

Question 30

When was the Lovell and Stafford rebellion?

Answer 30

1486

Question 31

Why did Lovell ans Stafford rebel?

Answer 31

Lovell (Richard lover) and Stafford thought Henry wouldent give them any local power and was bitter about Richards usurption.

Question 32

Which one of Lovell and Stafford had been attained?

Answer 32

Lovell So he could be executed without trial and had his title, money and estates taken away from him.

Question 33

What did lovell and Stafford try to do?

Answer 33

Raise support in Yorkshire and the Midlands. Raise forces against Henry

Question 34

Lovell and Stafford were in sanctuary. what does this mean?

Answer 34

A sacred place where, under medieval law, fugitive were immune from arrest

Question 35

What happened to Lovell and Stafford?

Answer 35

Lovell: managed to escape to Flanders Stafford: captured and executed. Although his younger brother and accomplice Thomas Stafford was pardoned as an act of clemency

Question 36

Why was the Lovell and Stafford rebellion a fail and why is it significant?

Answer 36

Self interested motives meant that a lack of support and no foreign aid. It showed the possibility of disorder and rebellion in England

Question 37

Who did Sminel claim to be?

Answer 37

(Originally Richard Duke of york: youngest prince in the Tower) The Earl of Warwick

Question 38

What was Henry's response to simnel impersonating Warwick?

Answer 38

He displayed the real Warwick (who he had locked in the Tower) publicly

Question 39

Who supported Lambert Simnel?

Answer 39

The Irish: he was crowned Edward IV, given soldiers. Scotland: given an army and was pursuaded to march towards England. Margaret of Bergundy: gave him an army (gave 2000 mercenaries to invade England)

Question 40

Who fought at the battle of stoke? Why was the battle significant?

Answer 40

Lambert vs Henry It showed that there was unrest and brought about the end of the wars of the Roses. Started off Henry's paranoia

Question 41

Why did simnel fail?

Answer 41

1. English were put off by the wild Irish soldiers 2. Gentry were cautious after the Lovell uprising 3. Majority of people wanted peace rather than further disruption

Question 42

who did warbeck claim to be from 1491?

Answer 42

Richard, duke of york

Question 43

why was warbeck's foreign support such a threat to henry 7?

Answer 43

showed the fragility of his position compared to more powerful foreign rulers

Question 44

who supported warbeck?

Answer 44

1. charles 8 of france 2. margaret of bergundy 3. james 4 of scotland

Question 45

what did margaret of bergundy train warbeck as? what did he do there?

Answer 45

a potential yorkist prince, where he began drawing english courtiers into his conspiracy.

Question 46

why was William Stanley's betrayal so instrumental to henry 7?

Answer 46

it created a sense of paranoia in Henry as Stanley held a trusted position in his court and his privy chamber (lord Chamberlain)

Question 47

when did a small scottish force invate england for warbeck (but quickly retreated)?

Answer 47

1496

Question 48

why did scotland stop supporting warbeck?

Answer 48

Henry promised James IV his daughter Margaret's hand in marriage.

Question 49

when did warbeck finally surrender to the king?

Answer 49

1497, following the unrest caused by the cornish rebellion

Question 50

Why could Henry 7 kill 'two birds with one stone' when it came to Warwick and Warbeck?

Answer 50

Warwick was the main Yorkist threat, Warbeck was an infamous pretender. They conspired in the Tower against Henry: he used this to get rid of both significant threats on a charge of treason.

Question 51

when did henry execute warwick and warbeck?

Answer 51

1499

Question 52

what are some weaknesses of warbecks claim?

Answer 52

1. never gained widespread, significant or localised support in england 2. henry was always one step ahead due to his spy network 3. all of his military campaigns were failiures (1496, 1497, 1497) 4. origins were vague 5. aim was to kill the king 6. no noble leadership

Question 53

why was warbeck such a significant threat?

Answer 53

1. support from other powers (eg. yorkist margaret of bergundy) 2. sheer longevity of the threat (8 years) 3. he was old enough to rule

Question 54

who were the two yorkists that posed the 'white rose threat'?

Answer 54

edmund de la pole, earl of suffolk richard de la pole (the youger brothers to the earl of lincoln)

Question 55

who promised to protect the white roses from Henry 7?

Answer 55

maximillain the holy roman emperor

Question 56

what did henry 7 give to maximillian to get the de la poles back?

Answer 56

gave him £10,000 to give them back (max didnt give them back) habsburg family recieved over £250,000 in loans, never repayed philip of bergundy (max's son) used henrys insecurities on ed de la pole (suffolk) to trade concessions from england

Question 57

what did henry place on trade in jan 1505?

Answer 57

An embargo on Burgundian trade

Question 58

how did isabella of castilles death lead to Suffolk (ed de la pole) being handed over to henry 7?

Answer 58

phillip of bergundy had suffolk in custody when going to claim the spanish throne, storms blew him off course, landing in england. to pay for his expedition to claim his throne, he extracted £138,000 from Henry. in return he handed over Suffolk, who was imprisoned in the TofL

Question 59

What did henry 7 do with edmund de la pole?

Answer 59

henry had him inprisoned i the TofL no further action taken against him his threat (and that of his brother) continued into henry 8's reign, who had him executed for treason in 1513.