Hemostasis and Coagulation Drugs Flashcards
What type of drug is aspirin? What is it’s MOA? In what condition is it used?
Antiplatelet drug
Inhibits COX, which makes TXA2. With low TXA2, platelet stickiness is decreased
It is used in high risk patients to prevent 2nd MI.
What type of drug is clopidogrel, ticlopidine, and prasugrel? What is it’s MOA? In what condition is it used?
Antiplatelet drug
It is a ADP-receptor antagonist, which involves irreversible inhibition of ADP receptors causing impaired activation of GPIIb/IIIa
Used to reduce risk of thrombosis if a patient cannot tolerate aspirin.
What type of drug is cangelor? What is it’s MOA? In what condition is it used?
Antiplatelet drug
It is a ADP-receptor antagonist, which involves REVERSIBLE inhibition of ADP receptors causing impaired GPIIb/IIIa
What type of drug is dipyridamole and cilostazol? What is it’s MOA? In what condition is it used?
Antiplatelet drugs
Are phosphodiesterase inhibitors, which increase cAMP which blocks release of AA and reduce TXA2 activity
Contraindicated in hypotension as vasodilation may occur
What type of drug is abciximab/tirofiban/eptifibatide? What is it’s MOA? In what condition is it used?
Antiplatelet drugs
Are GPIIb/IIIa receptor blockers, which inhibit the common final pathway for platelet activation
Abciximab- monoclonal Ab
Tirofiban - peptidomimetic
Eptifibatide - peptide
How does heparin work? What are the two types of heparin? Examples?
Heparin interacts with antithrombin III to inactivate thrombin and factor Xa.
Two types: UFH (reversible by protamine sulfate) and LMWH (better at inhibiting factor Xa, less risk of HIT)
Examples of LMWH –> enoxaparin and dalteparin
How does warfarin work?
Inhibits VKORC1, thus inhibiting the hepatic synthesis of vitamin-k dependent coagulation factors (1972 was the disco era)
What four drugs are considered direct/indirect thrombin inhibitors?
Bivalirudin, Fondaparinux, Argatroban, and Dabigatran
How does bivalirudin work?
It directly inhibits soluble and clot-bound thrombin
How does fondaparinux work?
It works through ATIII to inhibit factor Xa–>has longer half-life but be careful in patient’s with renal issue
How does argatroban work?
Direct thrombin inhibitor
How does dabigatran work?
Direct thrombin inhibitor, oral administration, reversal drug available (called idarucizumab)
What are the two drugs that act as direct inhibitors of factor Xa?
Rivaroxaban and Apixaban
How does rivaroxaban work?
Blocks the active site of factor Xa (used for DVT)
How does apixaban work?
Inhibits both free and clot bound factor Xa
